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Spectral Models for Estimation of Chlorophyll Content, Nitrogen, Moisture Stress and Growth of Wheat Crop
B. S. Sekhon, J. Mukherjee, A. Sharma, S. K. Thind, R. Kaur, M. S. Makkar
Punjab Agricultural University

 

Field  experiments  were  conducted  during  2009-10  and  2010-11 at  research  farm  of the department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural university, Ludhiana.  Three wheat  cultivars : PBW  343, PBW 55,  DBW 17 were  sown  on  12th  November and 20th  November in the year 2009-10 and 2010 -11 respectively  with  five nitrogen  levels  viz., no nitrogen (N1), 75 kg/ha (N2), 125 kg/ha (N3) recommended dose, 175 kg/ha (N4) and 225 kg/ha (N5). Leaf Area Index (LAI), Dry Matter (DM) at an thesis, Plant Height and Chlorophyll Concentration Index (CCI) were recorded in all the treatments. Chlorophyll and nitrogen contents of wheat leaves were estimated at different growth stages. Multiband spectral reflectance was measured using hand-held spectroradiometer. Spectral indices such as Normalized difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI), Moisture Stress Index (MSI), Green Index (GI), Leaf Chlorophyll Index (LCI), Plant Senescence Reflectance Index (PSRI), were computed using the multiband spectral data. Values of all the spectral indices were maximum with maximum dose of nitrogen (225 kg/ha) up to heading stage. The spectral indices recorded during mature tillering stage were better correlated with crop parameters. All the spectral indices recorded at tillering stage  have good correlation with all the crop parameters having ‘r2’ values varied between 0.68(GI and Chlorophyll), 0.73(RVI and Chlorophyll), 0.74 (NDVI and Nitrogen* LAI), 0.70(PSRI and Nitrogen*LAI), 0.76 (LCI and nitrogen*LAI), 0.73(MSI and LAI), 0.73(RVI and LAI) and 0.74(MSI and Plant Height), 0.83(LCI and Plant Height), 0.76 (NDVI and Plant Height).  

Keyword: Spectral indices, LAI, Plant Chlorophyll, Plant Nitrogen