Mitigation of rising greenhouse gases concentrations in the atmosphere has focused attention on agricultural soil organic C (SOC) sequestration. However, field scale knowledge of the processes and factors regulating SOC dynamics, distribution and variability is lacking. The objectives of this study are to characterize the profile (0- to 150-cm) and landscape variability in the distribution of SOC within a 37-ha Palouse field under agricultural management. A systematic, non-aligned grid of 177 geo-referenced sample locations was established at the Washington State University Cook Agronomy Farm (CAF) near Pullman, WA. Intact soil cores (0- to 153-cm) were collected, soils were described, classified, the surface divided into 0- to 30-cm increments and then by soil horizon to a depth of 153-cm and analyzed for soil bulk density and SOC. Profile (0- to 153-cm) SOC ranged from 54 to 272 Mg C ha^-1 over the 37-ha field. The SOC content for the surface (0- to 30-cm) and subsurface (30- to 153-cm) ranged from 26 to 79 Mg C ha^-1 and 14 to 193 Mg C ha^-1, respectively. Thatuna silt loams averaged 149 Mg C ha^-1 followed by Palouse (125 Mg C ha^-1) and Naff (111 Mg C ha^-1) silt loam soil series. Landscape SOC redistribution via soil erosion was evident and erosion impacts on field SOC heterogeneity must be quantified if SOC sequestration and management impacts are to be adequately assessed. Furthermore, success in developing precision conservation strategies will require knowledge of site-specific processes and factors contributing to variability in soil productivity, SOC storage and nutrient dynamics.