Thematic maps (TMs) are maps that represent not only the land but also a topic associated with it, and they aim to inform through graphic symbols where a specific geographical phenomenon occurs. Development of TMs is linked to data collection, analysis, interpretation, and representation of the information on a map, facilitating the identification of similarities, and enabling the visualization of spatial correlations. Important issues associated with the creation of TMs are: selection of the coordinate system; exploratory data analysis; data interpolation; decision of the number of classes and the method for breaking the data into ranges; choosing an effective color scheme. A special kind of TMs is management zones (MZs), where MZ is a subregion of a field that expresses a functionally homogeneous combination of yield-limiting factors for which a single rate of a specific crop input is appropriate. The use of MZs in sampling is likely to reduce laboratory costs while maintaining the level of reliability, and it has shown to improve the use efficiency of nutrients, maintaining or increasing the yield and potentially reducing the overloading of nutrients into the environment. Several approaches have been developed to define MZs; these are often classified as empirical or clustering according to the technique used. Here the important issues associated with their creation are: selection of the variable to be used in the cluster analysis; necessity of data normalization; decision of method of delineation of MZs; using of indices and ANOVA to evaluate quality of MZs. In this context, the objective of this work was to discuss the particularities behind the creation of TMs and MZs for agriculture fields.