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1. Using GPS-RTK In Crop Variety And Hybrid EvaluationsThe traditional methods used by many to conduct research in crop variety and hybrid evaluations is to blank plant the area, flag the area, or use a physical marker. All of these have disadvantages. In blank planting it may be difficult to plant exactly in the same rows, and can dry the soil and affect seed germination if soil water is limited. Blank planting also destroys crop residues and with skip-row residues are destroyed in the unplanted rows.This method is used for many plots in c... R.N. Klein, J.A. Golus |
2. Profitability Of RTK Autoguidance And Its Influence On Peanut ProductionEfficient harvest of peanuts (Arachis hypogea L.) requires that the digging implement be accurately positioned directly over the target rows. Small driving... K. Balkcom, B. Ortiz, J. Shockley, J.P. Fulton |
3. The Cost Of Dependence Upon GPS-enabled Navigation TechnologiesThe adoption of global positioning system (GPS) technology to fine-tune agricultural field operations over the last decade has been unprecedented relative to other agricultural technologies. Resultantly, as agricultural machinery size and capacity increased, field operations have become much more precise due to the synergistic relationship between farm machinery and GPS-enabled guidance technology. With increased dependence upon GPS technology, one must ask “What are the risks associate... C. Lee, T. Griffin |
4. GPS Guidance Of Mechanized Site Preparation In Forestry Plantations: A Precision Forestry ApproachApplication of GPS guidance to mechanized site preparation in forestry plantations: a precision forestry approach By Steve Husband (Paper proposed for 10th International Conference on Precision Agriculture 2010) ... S.C. Husband |
5. Nugis: The Development Of A Nutrient Use Geographic Information SystemNuGIS is a project of the International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI). The goal was to examine sources of nutrients (fertilizers and manure) and compare this to crop removal. The project used GIS and database analysis to create maps at the state and county level and then used GIS to migrate the budget analysis to the local watershed and regional watershed levels. This paper will cover the sources of data used, how the data was processed to generate county level numbers, and how GIS was use... Q. Rund, R. Williams |
6. Evaluation of the Effects of Telone Ii on Nitrogen Management and Yield in Louisiana Delta CottonResearch indicates that cotton yield on light soils within the alluvial flood plain of the Lower Mississippi delta may be increased by using chemical fumigation applications of Telone II and/or seed treatments to control infestations of plant parasitic nematodes. There is a documented interaction with fumigation and nitrogen and therefore a need to further understand the performance of site- specific treatment strategies for nitrogen (N) and fumigation treatments. In a small plot test conduct... E. Burris, D. Burns, K.S. Mccarter, C. Overstreet, M. Wolcott |
7. Terrain Modeling to Improve Soil Survey in North DakotaUsers of site-specific technologies would prefer to use digitized soil survey boundaries to help in delineating management zones for nutrient application. However, the present scale of soil type does not allow meaningful zone delineation. A project was conducted to use terrain modeling and other site- specific tools to delineate smaller-scale soil type boundaries that would be more useful for directing within-field nutrient management. Topography, soil EC, yield mapping and satellite imagery ... D.W. Franzen, J.L. Boettinger |
8. Regional Usefulness of Nitrogen Management Zone Delineation ToolsIn the Northern Plains of Montana, North Dakota and Minnesota, a number of site-specific tools have been used to delineate nitrogen management zones. A three-year study was conducted using yield mapping, elevation measurements, satellite imagery, aerial Ektochrome® photography, and soil EC to delineate nitrogen management zones and compare these zones to residual fall soil nitrate. At most of the sites, variable-rate N was applied and compared with uniform N application. The site-specific... D. Franzen, F. Casey, J. Staricka, D. Long, J. Lamb, A. Sims, M. Halvorson, V. Hofman |
9. Summary of Forty Years of Grid Sampling ResearchBetween the years of 1961 and 2001, two 12.5-ha fields in Illinois were sampled for soil pH, and available P and K in a 24.3-m grid. One field was sampled beginning in 1961 while the other field was sampled from 1982. At each sampling, the samples were obtained in the same grid. This resulted in the ability not only to compare grid sample density to delineate fertility patterns within the fields, but also to determine the rate of soil test change with P and K applications, the change in ferti... D.W. Franzen |
10. Development of Real-time Color Analysis for the On- Line Automated Weeding OperationsWeeds compete with the crop for water, light, nutrients and space, and therefore reduce crop yields and also affect the efficient use of machinery. Chemical sprayer is the most popular method to eradicate weeds but has cause hazardous to the environment, crops and workers. A smart sprayer is required to control the usage of chemical weedicides at the optimal level. Thus an on-line automated sprayer is introduced to the Malaysian farmers to locate in the real time environment the existence and... W. Wan ismail, K. Abdul rahman |
11. Precision Placement of Corn Gluten Meal for Weed Control in Organic Vegetable ProductionOrganic vegetable producers rank weeds as one of their most troublesome, time consuming, and costly production problems. As a result of the limited number of organically approved weed control herbicides, the precision placement of these materials increases their potential usefulness in organic production systems. As a non-selective preemergence or preplant-incorporated herbicide, corn gluten meal (CGM) inhibits root development; decreases shoot length, and reduces plant survival. The developm... C.L. Webber iii, M.J. Taylor, J.W. Shrefler |
12. Plant and N Impacts on Corn (Zea Mays) Growth: Whats Controlling Yield?Studies were conducted in South Dakota to assess mechanisms of intraspecific competition between corn (Zea mays) plants. Treatments were two plant populations (74,500 and 149,000 plants ha-1), three levels of shade (0, 40, and 60%) on the low plant population, two water treatments (natural precipitation and natural + irrigation), and two N rates (0 and 228 kg N ha-1). In-season leaf chlorophyll content was measured. At harvest, grain and stover yields were quantified with grain 13C-d... D.E. Clay, S.A. Clay, G. Reicks, D. Horvath |
13. Principal Component Analysis of Rice Production Environment in the Rice Terrace RegionEnvironmental conditions that affect rice production, such as air temper- ature, relative humidity, solar radiation, effective cation exchangeable capacity (ECEC) of the soil, and total nitrogen in irrigation water, were assessed for 4 paddy fields in Hoshino village, Fukuoka prefecture in Japan. Also, environ- mental factors that affected rice quality (physicochemical properties of rice grains and cooked rice) were identified using data during the beginning of a ripening period (20 days afte... Y. Hirai, Y. Beppu, Y. Mori, K. Tomita, K. Hamagami, K. Mori, S. Uchida, S. Inaba |
14. Mapping Surface Soil Properties Using Terrain and Remotely Sensed Data in Arsanjan Plain, Southern IranSustainable land management and land use planning require reliable information about the spatial distribution of the physical and chemical soil properties affecting both landscape processes and services. Spatial prediction with the presence of spatially dense ancillary variables has attracted research in pedometrics. The main objective of this research is to enhance prediction of soil properties such electrical conductivity (ECe), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), available phosphorus (P)... M. Baghernejad, M. Emadi |
15. 3d Object Recognition, Localization and Treatment of Rumex Obtusifolius in Its Natural EnvironmentRumex obtusifolius is one of the most highly competitive and persistent sorts of weed in agriculture. An automatic recognition and plant-treatment system is currently under development as an alternative treatment technique. An infrared-laser triangulation sensor and a high-resolution smart camera are used to generate 3D images of the weeds and their natural environment. In a segmentation process, contiguous surface patches are separated from one other. These 3D surface patc... M. Holpp, T. Anken, D. Seatovic, R. Grueninger, R. Hueppi |
16. Zone Mapping Application for Precision-farming: a Decision Support Tool for Variable Rate ApplicationWe have developed a web-based decision support tool, Zone Mapping Application for Precision Farming (ZoneMAP, http://zonemap.umac.org), which can automatically determine the optimal number of management zones and delineate them using satellite imagery and field survey data provided by users. Application rates, say for fertilizer, can be prescribed for each zone and downloaded in a variety of formats to ensure compatibility with GPS-enabled farming applicators. ZoneMAP is linked to Digital Nor... X. Zhang, C. Helgason, G. Seielstad, L. Shi |
17. Application of Geographic Information Systems in Socioeconomic Analysis: A Case of Integrated Soil Fertility Management in the Savannas of NigeriaPopulation pressure increases, shortened fallow cycles, cropping intensification, inaccessibility and low output prices as well as concerns about agricultural sustainability and self-sufficiency have combined to contribute to increased demand for integrated soil fertility management of the agricultural resource base. Following this situation, organic fertilizer in the form of animal manure becomes one of the principal sources of nutrients for soil fertility maintenance and crop production. He... O. Olayide, A. Alene, A. Ikpi, G. Nziguheba, T. Alabi |
18. Soil Moisture, Organic Matter and Potassium Influences on Eca MeasurementSpatial variability of soil physical and chemical properties is a fundamental element of site-specific soil and crop management. Since its early implementation in agriculture as a method of measuring soil salinity, the acceptance of Apparent Electrical Conductivity (ECa) in agriculture has been popular as a method of determining the spatial variability of soil physical and chemical properties that influence the ECa estimates. It was the objective of this study to examine the spatial-temporal ... R.R. Struthers, C.J. Johannsen, D.K. Morris |
19. Evaluation of Utilization Potential for Methods of Georeference in the Management of Weed Contamination of Potato CulturesCombating crop contamination with harmful invasive species is one of the main themes of agricultural research. For the potato cultures, the weed contamination decreases not only the quality but also the quantity of the harvest. The most invasive contamination for this culture is represented by the Agropyron repens and Sorgum halepense, two invasive and very nocive species characterized by underground stems able to penetrate the potato¢s tubercle and decrease their stora... L. Musetescu, M. Gidea |
20. Constraint of Data Availability on the Predictive Ability of Crop Response Models Developed from On-farm ExperimentationDue to the variability between fields and across years, on-farm experimentation combined with crop response modeling are crucial aspects of decision support systems to make accurate predictions of yield and grain protein content in upcoming years for a given field. To maximize accuracy of models, models fit using environmental covariate and experimental data gathered up to the point that crop responses (yield/grain protein) are fit repeatedly over time until the model can predict future crop ... P. Hegedus, B. Maxwell |
21. Use of Precision Technologies to Conduct Successful Within-field, On-farm TrialsPerforming randomized replicated trials in row crop field environments has the potential to increase crop production in environmentally sustainable ways. Successful implementation requires an understanding of implement capabilities and sources of potential systematic error, including operator error. Equipment capabilities can be thought of as a series of several critical “links in a chain,” each with implications that propagate downstream. We will... M. Stelford, A. Krmenec |
22. Precision Application of Seeding Rates for Weed and Nitrogen Management in Organic Grain SystemsIn a time of increasing ecological awareness, organic agriculture offers sustainable solutions to many of the polluting aspects of conventional agriculture. However, without synthetic inputs, organic agriculture faces unique challenges such as weed control and fertility management. Precision Agriculture (PA) has been used to successfully increase input use efficiency in conventional systems and now offers itself as a potential tool for organic farmers as well. PA enables on farm experimentati... S. Loewen, B.D. Maxwell |
23. Modulated On-farm Response Surface Experiments with Image-based High Throughput Techniques for Evidence-based Precision AgronomyAgronomic research is vital to determining optimum inputs for crops to perform profitably at a local scale. However, the small-plot experiment validity is often uncertain due to on-farm variations. Furthermore, the likelihood of conducting a fully randomized trial at a local farm is low given various practical and technical challenges. We propose a new methodology with many inputs to allow for a response surface that fits the yield response to the input levels with higher accuracy to make on-... A.U. Attanayake, E.U. Johnson, H.U. Duddu, S.U. Shirtliffe |
24. Where to Put Treatments for On-farm ExperimentationOn-farm experimentation has become more and more popular due to advancements in technology. These experiments are not as costly as before, as current machinery can allocate different levels of treatment to specific plots. The main goal of this kind of experiment is to obtain a site-specific nutrient level. The yield behavior is different based on the researcher’s treatment. One unanswered question for on-farm experimentation is how the treatments should be allocated in the first place s... D. Poursina, W. Brorsen |
25. Enhancing NY State On-farm Experimentation with Digital AgronomyAgriculture is putting pressure on the ecosystems and practices need to evolve towards a more sustainable way of producing food. Industrial agriculture has imposed a unique production model on the ecosystems while it is now understood that it is more sustainable to adapt the production model to the ecosystem. This involves adapting existing solutions to the local agricultural context and developing new solutions that are best suited to the local ecosystem. Farmers are doing this by conducting... L. Longchamps |
26. Limitations of Yield Monitor Data to Support Field-scale ResearchPrecision agriculture adoption on farms continues to grow globally on farms. Today, yield monitors have become standard technologies on grain, cotton and sugarcane harvesters. In recent years, we have seen industry and even academics leveraging the adoption of precision agriculture technologies to conduct field-scale, on-farm research. Industry has been a primary driver of the increase in on-farm research globally through the development of software to support on-farm resear... J.P. Fulton, S.A. Shearer, A. Gauci, A. Lindsey, D. Barker, E. Hawkins |
27. Is Row-unit Vibration Affected by Planter Speeds and Downforce?Row-unit vibration is an issue created mainly by planter`s opening disks and gauge-wheels contact with the ground. Variability on row-unit vibration could interfere on seed metering and delivery process, affecting crop emergence and final stand. With the amount of embedded technology present on planters, producers are being encouraged to increase planting speeds, which is also one of the main factors for row-unit vibration increasement. In this way, knowing the proper speeds, and using other ... L.P. Oliveira, B.V. Ortiz, G.T. Morata, T. Squires, J. Jones |
28. Use of Remotely Measured Potato Canopy Characteristics As Indirect Yield EstimatorsPrediction of potato yield before harvest is important for making agronomic and marketing decisions. Active optical sensors (AOS) are rarely used together with other hand-held instruments for monitoring potato growth, including yield prediction. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between manually and remotely measured potato crop characteristics throughout the growing season and yield in commercial potato fields. Objective was also to identify crop characteristics that ... S.M. Samborski, J. Szatylowicz, T. Gnatowski, R. Leszczyńska, M. Thornton, O. Walsh |