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1. Revising Nitrogen Recommendations For Wheat In Response To The Need For Support Of Variable-rate Nitrogen ApplicationSampling studies in North Dakota conducted from 1994 to 2003 showed that variable-rate N application could be practically directed with zone soil sampling. Results from variable-rate N studies using zone soil sampling were often less than rewarding due in part to the use of a whole-field predicted yield-based formula for developing the N recommendation in each zone. Nitrogen rate studies on spring wheat and durum were established in 2005 through 2009 to reexamine N recommendations. The results... D. Franzen, G. Endres, R. Ashley, J. Staricka, J. Lukach, K. Mckay |
2. Variable Rate Application Of Potassium Fertilizer For Soybean Crop Growth In A No-till SystemVariable rate application of fertilizer has the potential to improve nutrient use efficiency, improve economic returns, and reduce negative environmental impacts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variable rate application of potassium fertilizer to soybean crop in a no-till system. The study was conducted on a 13-ha soybean grain field in Carambeí, State of Paraná, Brazil in a Typic Hapludox. The area has been under no-tillage for more than 10 years growing grains... A.C. Bernardi, L.M. Gimenez, C.A. Silva, P.L. Machado |
3. Variable Rate Application Of Nematicides On Cotton Fields: A Promising Site-specific Management StrategyThe impact of two nematicides [ 1,3 – Dichloropropene (Telone® II) and Aldicarb (Temik)] applied at two rates on RKN population density and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lint yield were compared across previously determined RKN management zones (MZ) in commercial fields between 2007 and 2009. The MZ were delineated using fuzzy clustering of various surrogate data for soil texture. All treatments were randomly allocated among... B. Ortiz, C. Perry, D.G. Sullivan, R.C. Kemerait, R.F. Davis, P. Lu, A. Smith |
4. Hyperspectral Imaging Of Sugar Beet Symptoms Caused By Soil-borne OrganismsThe soil-borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani and the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii are the most important constraints in sugar beet production worldwide. Symptoms caused by fungal infection are yellowing of leaves and rotting of the beet tuber late in the cropping season. Nematode afflicted plants show stunted growth early in the cropping season and also leaf wilting late in the season when water stress often sets in. Due to the low mobility of soil-borne organisms, they are ideal... C. Hillnhuetter, A. Mahlein, R.A. Sikora, E. Oerke |
5. Sectioning And Assessment Remote Images For Precision Agriculture: The Case Of Orobanche Crenate In Pea CropThe software SARI® has been developed to implement precision agriculture strategies through remote sensing imagery. It is written in IDL® and works as an add-on of ENVI®. It has been designed to divide remotely sensed imagery into “micro-images”, each corresponding to a small area (“micro-plot”), and to determine the quantitative agronomic and/or environmental biotic (i.e. weeds, pathogens) and/or non-biotic (i.e. nutrient levels) indicator/s... L. Garcia-torres, D. Gomez-candon, J.J. Caballero-novella, M. Gomez-casero, J.M. Pe, M. Jurado-exp, F. Lopez-granados, I. Castillejo-gonz, A. Garc |
6. Spatial Mapping Of Penetrometer Resistance On Turfgrass Soils For Site-specific CultivationSite-specific management requires site-specific information. Soil compaction at field capacity is a major stress on recreational turfgrass sites that requires frequent cultivation. Spatial mapping of penetrometer... K. Rice, T. Carson, J. Krum, I. Flitcroft, V. Cline, R. Carrow |
7. Investigation Of Crop Varieties At Different Growth Stages Using Optical Sensor DataCotton, soybean and sorghum are economically important crops in Texas. Knowing the growing status of crops at different stages of growth is crucial to apply site-specific management and increase crop yield for farmers. Field experiments were initiated to measure cotton, soybean and sorghum plants growth status and spatial variability through the whole growing cycle. A ground-based active optical sensor, Greenseeker®, was used to collect the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data... H. Zhang, Y. Lan, J. Westbrook, C. Suh, C. Hoffmann, R. Lacey |
8. A Comparison Of Spectral Reflectance And Laser-induced Cholorphyll Fluorescence Measurements To Detect Differences In Aerial Dry Weight And Nitrogen Update Of WheatChlorophyll fluorescence and spectral reflectance analysis are both powerful tools to study the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of plants` biomass and nitrogen status. Whereas reflectance techniques have intensively been tested for their use in precision fertilizer application, laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence has been tested to a lesser degree, and there are hardly any... B. Mistele, U. Schmidhalter |
9. A Model For Wheat Yield Prediction Based On Real-time Monitoring Of Environmental Factors... B. Dumont, F. Vancutsem, J. Destain, B. Bodson, F. Lebeau, M. Destain |
10. Experiencs Of Extension Education Via Online Delivery Of Programming Related To Precision Agriculture TechnologiesThis paper will describe the content and experiences teaching an extension education course on precision agriculture technologies via online delivery. The course was developed to be delivered in 16 weeks meeting one time a week online. There was also a one-day face-to-face hands-on session focused around 4 lab type activities related to GPS guidance, diagnosis, and setup and maximizing the usefulness of precision agriculture technologies. This course focuses on agricultural... D.K. Shannon |
11. Embedded Sensing System To Control Variable Rate Agricultural InputsThis paper presents an embedded sensing system for agricultural machines to collect information about plants and also to control the application of fertilizer with variable rate in corn crop. The Crop Circle reflectance sensor was used with the aim to explore the spectral... G.T. Tangerino, R.V. Sousa, A.J. Porto, R. . Inamasu, P. Pinkston |
12. Economics Of Precision Agriculture For Wheat And Barley Cultivation In Hamedan, Western IranPrecision agriculture can influence agricultural operation economics. In this study, minimum economical farm sizes for producing irrigated/dry wheat and barley in... M. Lak, F. Khosro anjom, J. Tatge |
13. From Rapideye's Spad In The Sky To N Application Maps... R. Schulthess, K. Schelling, D. Weist |
14. Management Of Remote Imagery For Precision AgricultureSatellite and airborne remotely sensed images cover large areas, which normally include dozens of agricultural plots. Agricultural operations such as sowing, fertilization, and pesticide applications are designed for the whole plot area, i.e. 5 to 20 ha, or through precision agriculture. This takes into account the spatial variability of biotic and of abiotic factors and uses diverse technologies to apply inputs at variable rates, fitted to the needs of each small defined area, i.e. 25 to 200... L. Garcia-torres, D. Gomez-candon, J.J. Caballero-novella, J.M. Pe, M. Jurado-exp, I. Castillejo-gonz, A. Garc, F. Lopez-granados, L. Prassack |
15. Soil Organic Carbon Maintenance Requiremnets And Mineralizatyion Rate Constants: Site Specific CalcuationsOver the past 100 years numerous studies have been conducted with the goal of quantifying the impact of management on carbon turnover. It is difficult to conduct a mechanistic evaluation of these studies because each study was conducted under unique soil, climatic, and management conditions. Techniques for directly comparing data from unique studies are needed. This study discusses techniques for comparing data collected... D.E. Clay, G. Carlson, J. Tatge |
16. Spatial And Vertical Distribution Of Soil P, K, And Mg Content In A Vineyard Of The Do Ca Rioja Using Grid And Target Sampling MethodsKnowledge of spatial variability of soil nutrient contents is very important to design a fertilization strategy based on the needs of the vine. Matching fertilization and nutritional plant needs is very important due to the influence of nutritional status of vineyards on productive and qualitative factors. The aim of this work was to study the spatial and vertical variability of P, K and Mg in a vineyard soil by two methods: (i) the grid sampling at three depth ranges (0-30,... O. Unamunzaga, A. Castell, G. Besga, R. Perez-parmo, A. Aizpurua |
17. Estimating Soil Productivity And Energy Efficiency Using Websoil Survey, Soil Productivity Index Calculator, And Biofuel Energy Systems SimulatorSoils have varying production capacities for a specific plant or sequence of plants under defined management strategies. The production capacity or “productivity” can be quantified as a mathematical function of a soils ability to sufficiently sustain plant growth... K.D. Reitsma, T.E. Schumacher |
18. Evaluation Of A Controlled Release N-P Fertilizer Using A Modified Drill For Variable Rate FertilizationBase NP or NPK fertilization is a common practice in cereal production in Chile. Usually, a physical NPK blend is band applied with the seed at planting with the drill. Normal fertilizer rates vary from 400 to 500 kg ha-1; however, there is a tendency in the market to move from physical blend towards chemical blends (monogranule) and, more recently, to controlled release fertilizers (CRF). The CRF are usually recommended at very low rates, varying from 70 to 120 kg ha-1, however this rates are... R.A. Ortega, J.F. Reyes, W. Esquivel, J. Orellana |
19. Spatial Variability Of Spikelet Sterility In Temperate Rice In ChileSpikelet sterility (blanking) causes large economic losses to rice farmers in Chile. The most common varieties are susceptible to low air and water temperatures during pollen formation and flowering, which is the main responsible for the large year to year variation observed in terms of blanking and, therefore, of grain yield. The present work had for objective to study the spatial variability of spikelet sterility within two rice fields, during two consecutive seasons, and relate it to water... R.A. Ortega, D.E. Del solar, E. Acevedo |
20. Site Specific Management Of An Oxisol Cultivated With Corn For Application Of Lime And GypsumDue to the necessity to improve soil fertility diagnostic, the researchers have been searched for more efficient technologies on agronomic, economic and environmental aspects. One of these technologies is the use of the concept of site-specific for soil fertility management. This research was conducted in a farm field (100 ha) located in Corinto, Minas Gerais state. The soil is classified as clayey Oxisol, cropped with corn (Zea mays L.) and irrigated with a center-pivot sprinkler irrigation system.... A. Coelho, T.F. Cunha, T.F. Cunha |
21. Attaching Multiple Conductivity Meters To An Atv To Speed Up Precision Agriculture Soil SurveysGround conductivity meters are used in a number of precision agriculture applications, including the estimation of water content, nutrient levels, salinity and depth of topsoil. Typically the Geonics EM38 conductivity meter, and to a lesser extent the EM31, are used for soil surveys. Most conductivity surveys involve towing a ground conductivity meter behind an all-terrain vehicle (ATV). In some situations, such as rutted or sloping fields, it is preferable to mount the conductivity meter directly... E. Morris, A. Clarke, S. Sunley, C. Hill, G. Cranfield |
22. Beyond NDVI - Additional Benefits of RapidEye Image Products... U. Schulthess, K. Schelling |
23. Implementation of ECU For Agricultural Machines Based On IsoAgLib Open SourceIn this paper work, we consider implementation of electronic control unit (ECU) for agricultural machineries. Software implementation is based on IsoAgLib library developed by OSB&IT Engineering Company. We modify IsoAgLib and upgrade it for our target system. The IsoAgLib is an object oriented C++ library that has the communication services and management systems according to the ISO 11783 standard. This library allows building ISOBUS compatible equipment without the protocols implementation... E. Tumenjargal, L. Badarch, W. Ham, H. Kwon |
24. Application of Information Technologies in Precision ApicultureApiculture, widely known as beekeeping, is one of the agriculture’s sub directions, where Precision Agriculture (PA) methods can be successfully applied. Adaptation of PA methods and technics into Apiculture, as well as integrating information technologies into beekeeping process can change and improve the beekeepers understanding of bee... E. Stalidzans, A. Zacepins, J. Meitalovs |
25. Design and Implementation of Virtual Terminal Based On ISO11783 Standard for Agricultural TractorsThe modern agricultural machinery most common use of the embedded electronic and remote sensing technology demands adoption of the Precision Agriculture (PA). One of the common devices is the Virtual Terminal (VT) for tractor. The VT’s functions and terminology are described in the ISO11783 standard. This work presents the control system design and implementation of the VT and some Electronic Control Units (ECU) for agricultural vehicles based on the ISO 11783 standard. The VT development... E. Tumenjargal, L. Badarch, W. Ham, H. Kwon |
26. Categorization of Districts Based on Nonexchangeable Potassium: Generation GIS Maps and Implications in Efficient K Fertility Management in Indian AgricultureRecommendations of K fertilizer are made based on available (exchangeable + water soluble) K status only in India and other despite of substantial contribution of nonexchangeable fraction of soil K to crop K uptake. Present paper examines the information generated in the last 30 years on the status of nonexchangeable K in Indian soils, categorization of Indian soils based on exchangeable and nonexchangeable K fractions and making K recommendations. Data for both K fractions of different... C. Srinivasa rao, K. Rao, H. Magen, B. Venkateswarlu, A. Subba rao |
27. Estimating the Plant Stem Emerging Points (PSEPS) of Sugar Beets at Early Growth StagesSuccessful intra-row mechanical weed control of sugar beet (beta vulgaris) in early growth stages requires precise knowledge about location of crop plants. A computer vision system for locating Plant Stem Emerging Point (PSEP) of sugar beet in early growth stages was developed and tested. The system is based on detection of individual leaves; each leaf location is described by center of mass and petiole location. After leaf detection the true PSEP locations were annotated manually and... T.M. Giselsson, R.N. Jørgensen, H.S. Midtiby |
28. The Ultimate Soil Survey in One Pass: Soil Texture, Organic Matter, pH, Elevation, Slope, and CurvatureThe goal of accurately mapping soil variability preceded GPS-aided agriculture, and has been a challenging aspect of precision agriculture since its inception. Many studies have found the range of spatial dependence is shorter than the distances used in most grid sampling. Other studies have examined variability within government soil surveys and concluded that they have limited utility in many precision applications. Proximal soil sensing has long been envisioned as a method... E. Lund, C. Maxton, G. Kweon |
29. Active Sensor Performance – Dependence to Measuring Height, Light Intensity and Device TemperatureFor land use management, agriculture, and crop management spectral remote sensing is widely used. Ground-based sensing is particularly advantageous allowing to directly link on-site spectral information with agronomic algorithms. Sensors are nowadays most frequently used in site-specific oriented applications of fertilizers, but similarly site-specific applications of growth regulators, herbicides and pesticides become more often adopted. Generally little is known about the effects of... B. Mistele, U. Schmidhalter, S. Kipp |
30. Using Soil Attributes To Model Sugar Cane Quality ParametersThe crop area of sugar cane production in Brazil has increased substantially in the last few years, especially to meet the global bioethanol demand. Such increasing production should take place not only in new sugar cane crop areas but mainly with the goal of improving the quality of raw material like sugar content (Pol). Hence, models that can describe the behaviour of the quality parameters of sugar cane may be important to understand the effects of the soil attributes on those parameters. The... F.A. Rodrigues jr., P.S. Magalhães, H.C. Franco, D.G. Cerri |
31. Mapping the Leaf Area Index In Vineyard Using a Ground-Based LIDAR ScannerThe leaf area index (LAI) is defined as the one-sided leaf area per unit ground area and is probably the most widely used index to characterize grapevine vigour. However, direct LAI measurement requires the use of destructive leaves sampling methods which are costly and time-consuming and so are other indirect methods. Faced with these techniques, vineyard leaf area can be indirectly estimated using ground-based LIDAR sensors that scan the vines and get information about the geometry and/or structure... J. Arno, I. Del moral, A. Escolà, J. Company, J.A. MartÍnez-casasnovas, J. Masip, R. Sanz, J.R. Rosell |
32. Comparison of Active and Passive Spectral Sensors in Discriminating Biomass Parameters and Nitrogen Status in Wheat CultivarsSeveral sensor systems are available for ground-based remote sensing in crops. Vegetation indices of multiple active and passive sensors have seldom been compared in determining plant health. This study was aimed to compare active and passive sensing systems in terms of their ability to recognize agronomic parameters. One bi-directional passive radiometer (BDR) and three active sensors (Crop Circle, GreenSeeker, and an active flash sensor (AFS)) were tested for their ability to assess six destructively... B. Mistele, U. Schmidhalter, K. Erdle |
33. Optimizing Path Planning By Avoiding Short Corner Tracks... J.P. Molin, M. Spekken |
34. Assessing the Potential of an Algorithm Based On Mean Climatic Data to Predict Wheat YieldIn crop yield prediction, the unobserved future weather remains the key point of predictions. Since weather forecasts are limited in time, a large amount of information may come from the analysis of past weather data. Mean data over the past years and stochastically generated data are two possible ways to compensate the lack of future data. This research aims to demonstrate that it is possible to predict... F. Vancutsem, V. Leemans, S. Ferrandis vallterra, B. Bodson, J. Destain, M. Destain, B. Dumont |
35. Cloud Computing and Web 2.0 Mapping Technologies for Disseminating Land Use Planning InformationOpen source software and cloud computing techniques could substantially improve the performance and reduce the cost of disseminating land-use planning information for the USDA-NRCS and other organizations. This is a major upgrade of our previously work (Hamilton,2009; Neelakantan et al., 2011). The purpose of this study is to develop a prototype cloud-based Web 2.0 mapping system for MLRA-121 which is primarily in Kentucky... T. Mueller |
36. Estimation of Leaf Nitrogen Concentration in Barley with In Situ Hyperspectral MeasurementsLeaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), a good indicator of nitrogen status in crop, is of special significance to diagnose nutrient stress and guide nitrogen fertilization in fields. Due to its non-destructive and quick advantages, hyperspectral remote sensing plays a unique role... J.M. Wang, C.M. Li, X.M. Yang, W.M. Huang, H.M. Yang, X.M. Xu |
37. A Comparison of Plant Temperatures as Measured By Thermal Imaging and Infrared Thermometry... P. Baresel, B. Mistele, H. Yuncai, U. Schmidhalter, H. Hackl |
38. Precision Fertigation in Wheat for Sustainable Agriculture in Saudi ArabiaWheat is an important cereal crop of Saudi Arabia grown on an area of 250,000 ha with an annual production of 1,260,000 metric tons. The crop is cultivated on sandy soils using sprinkler irrigation under center pivots. The crop is sown in November... V.C. Patil, K.A. Al-gaadi |
39. Modeling and Decision Support System for Precision Cucumber Protection in GreenhousesThe plant disease... X. Yang, C. Sun, J. Qian, Z. Ji, S. Qiao, M. Chen, C. Zhao, M. Li |
40. Evaluation of Application Effect of the Laser Land Leveling Technology in Typical Areas of ChinaThe technology of laser land leveling can improve the accuracy of land leveling and it is the important measure of improving irrigation efficiency and facilitating more uniform distribution of irrigation water. The technology is more widely used in China in... W. Guangwei, M. Zhijun, C. Liping, F. Weiqiang, D. Jianjun |
41. Brazilian Precision Agriculture Research NetworkThe adoption of adequate technologies for food, biomass and fiber production can increase yield and quality and also reduce environmental impact through an efficient input application. Precision agriculture is the way to decisively contribute with efficient production with environment protection in Brazil. Based on this, recently Embrapa established the Brazilian Precision... J.D. Naime, L.R. Queiros, A.V. Resende, M.D. Vilela, L.H. Bassoi, N.B. Perez, A.C. Bernardi, R.Y. Inamasu |
42. Evaluation of The Advantages of Using GPS-Based Auto-Guidance on Rolling Terrain Peanut Fields... B.V. Ortiz, G. Vellidis, K. Balkcom, H. Stone, J. Fulton, E. Vansanten |
43. Evaluation of Differences in Corn Biomass and Nitrogen Uptake at Various Growth Stages Using Spectral Vegetation IndicesApplication of canopy sensors for nitrogen (N) fertilizer management for corn grain production in the Southeast US requires... M.S. Torino, B.V. Ortiz, J. Fulton, K. Balkcom |
44. Use of Cluster Regression for Yield Prediction in Wine Grape@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1;... L.E. Acosta, L.A. Jara, R.A. Ortega |
45. Maximizing Agriculture Equipment Capacity Using Precision Agriculture TechnologiesGuidance systems are one of the primary Precision Agriculture technologies adopted by US farmers. While most practitioners establish their initial AB lines for fields based on previous management patterns, a potential exists in conducting analyses to establish AB lines or traffic patterns which maximize field capacity. The objective of this study was to... A.M. Poncet, T.P. Mcdonald, G. Pate, B. Tisseyre, J.P. Fulton |
46. Assessing Water Status in Wheat under Field Conditions Using Laser-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Hyperspectral MeasurementsClassical measurements for estimating water status in plants using oven drying or pressure chambers are tedious and time-consuming. In the field, changes in radiation conditions may further influence the measurements and thus require... S. El-sayed, U. Schmidhalter, B. Mistele |
47. Spatial and Temporal Variability of Corn Grain Yield as a Function of Soil Parameters, and Climate FactorsEffective site-specific management requires an understanding the influence of soil and weather on yield variability. Our objective was to examine the influence of soil, precipitation, and temperature on spatial and temporal corn grain yield variability. The study site (10 by 250 -m in size) was located in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, on a Rhodic Hapludox. Corn yield (planted with 0.9-m spacing) was measured... T. Mueller, J. Corá, A. Castrignanò, M. Rodrigues, E. Rienzi |
48. On-The-Go pH Sensor: An Evaluation in a Kentucky FieldA commercially available on-the-go soil pH sensor measures and maps subsurface soil pH at high spatial intensities across managed landscapes. The overall purpose of this project was to evaluate the potential for this sensor to be used in agricultural fields. The specific goals were to determine and evaluate 1) the accuracy with which this instrument can be calibrated, 2) the geospatial structure of soil pH measurements,... T. Mueller, E. Gianello, B. Mijatovic, E. Rienzi, M. Rodrigues |
49. Soil Organic Carbon Multivariate Predictions Based on Diffuse Spectral Reflectance: Impact of Soil MoistureSpatial predictions of soil organic carbon (OC) developed with proximal and remotely sensed diffuse reflectance spectra are complicated by field soil moisture variation. Our objective was to determine how moisture impacted spectral reflectance and Walkley-Black OC predictions. Soil reflectance from the North American Proficiency Testing... T. Mueller, C. Matocha, F. Sikora, B. Mijatovic, E. Rienzi |
50. Cloud Computing, Web-Based GIS, Terrain Analysis, Data Fusion, and Multivariate Statistics for Precision Conservation in the 21st Century... T. Mueller |
51. Development And Evaluation Of A Leaf Monitoring System For Continuous Measurement Of Plant Water Status In Almond And Walnut CropsAbstract: Leaf temperature measurements using handheld infrared thermometers have been used to predict plant water stress by calculating crop water stress index (CWSI). However, for CWSI calculations it is recommended to measure canopy temperature of trees under saturated, stressed and current conditions simultaneously, which is not very practical while using handheld units. An inexpensive, easy to use sensing system was developed to predict plant water status for tree crops by measuring... F. Rojo, J. Roach, R. Coates, S. Upadhyaya, M. Delwiche, C. Han, R. Dhillon |
52. Precision Design Of Vegetative BuffersPrecision agriculture techniques can be applied at field margins to improve performance of water quality protection practices. Effectiveness of vegetative buffers, conventionally designed to have uniform width along field margins, is limited by spatially non-uniform runoff from fields. Effectiveness can be improved by placing relatively wider buffer at locations where loads are greater. A GIS tool was developed that accounts for non-uniform flow and produces more-effective, variable-width,... T. Mueller, S. Neelakantan, M. Helmers, M. Dosskey |
53. Detection Of Fruit In Canopy Night-Time Images: Two Case Studies With Apple And MangoReliable estimation of the expected yield remains a major challenge in orchards. In a recent work we reported the development of an algorithm for estimating the number of fruits in images of apple trees acquired in natural daylight conditions. In the present work we tested this approach with night-time images of similar apple trees and further adapted this approach to night-time images of mango trees. Working with the apple images required only... R. Linker, A. Payne, K. Walsh, O. Cohen |
54. An Evaluation Of HJ-CCD Broadband Vegtation Indices For Leaf Chlorophyll Content EstimationLeaf chlorophyll content is one of the most important biochemical variables for crop physiological status assessment, crop biomass estimation and crop yield prediction in precision agriculture. Vegetation indices were considered effective for chlorophyll content estimation. Although hyperspectral reflectance is proven to be better than multispectral reflectance for leaf chlorophyll content retrieval, the scarcity of available data from satellite hyperspectral... T. Dong, J. Shang, J. Meng, J. Liu |
55. Pesticide Application Manager (PAM) - Decision Support In Crop Protection Based On Terrain-, Machine-, Business- And Public DataIntroduction Pesticide Application Manager (PAM) is a project, co-financed by the German Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) that aims to develop solutions for automating important processes in crop protection. Due to a series of rules and legal requirements for planning, implementation and documentation, crop protection is one of the most... B. Kleinhenz, M. Röhrig, M. Scheiber, J. Feldhaus, B. Hartmann, B. Golla, C. Federle , D. Martini |
56. Evaluating Soil Nutrition Status With Remote Sensing Derived Land ProductivityAvailable nitrogen is the amount of this nutrient available to plants in the soil and the amount of nitrogen provided by fertilizers. Compared to total nitrogen, nitrogen availability is a more useful tool for determining how much fertilizer you need and when to apply it. Determining the level of nitrogen available in field soil is also a useful method to increase the efficiency of fertilizer. Most soil properties are time-consuming and costly to measure, and also change over time.... Z. Chen, J. Meng, X. You |
57. Design, Development And Application Of A Satellite-Based Field Monitoring System To Support Precision FarmingThe factual base of precision agriculture (PA) - the spatial and temporal variability of soil and crop factors within or between different fields has been recognized for centuries. Field information on seeding suitability, soil & crop nutrition status and crop mature date is needed to optimize field management. How to acquire the spatially and temporally varied field parameters accurately, efficiently and at affordable cost has always been the focus of the researches in the field.... Z. Li, B. Wu, J. Meng |
58. The TOAS Project: UAV Technology For Optimizing Herbicide Applications In Weed-Crop SystemsSite-specific weed management refers to the application of customised control treatments, mainly herbicide, only where weeds are located within the crop-field. In this context, the TOAS project is being developed under the financial support of the European Commission with the main objective of generating georeferenced weed infestation maps of certain herbaceous (corn and sunflower) and permanent woody crops (poplar and olive orchards) by using aerial images collected by an unmanned aerial... J.M. Peña, J. Torres-sanchez, A.I. De castro, J. Dorado, F. Lopez-granados |
59. Post-Harvest Quality Evaluation System On Conveyor Belt For Mechanically Harvested CitrusRecently, a machine vision technology has shown its popularity for automating visual inspection. Many studies proved that the machine vision system can successfully estimate external qualities of fruit as good as manual inspection. However, introducing mechanical harvesters to citrus industry caused the following year’s yield loss due to the loss of immature young citrus. In this study, a machine vision system on a conveyor belt was developed to inspect mechanically... W. Lee, R. Ehsani, F. Roka, D. Choi, C. Yang |
60. Automatic Soil Penetrometer Measurements And GIS-Based Documentation With The Autonomous Field Robot Platform BoniRobFor a sustainable agriculture, reliable measurements of soil properties and its interpretation are of highest relevance. Until today most of the measurements are carried out manually or by integrating off-line laboratories. Moreover, the number and density of measurement points is always an important aspect with respect to the statistical significance of the results. In this work a fully automatic measurement system has been developed and applied for the first time with free selectable... M. Göttinger, S. Hinck, K. Möller, A. Ruckelshausen, C. Scholz |
61. Row-Crop Planter Requirements To Support Variable-Rate Seeding Of MaizeCurrent planting technology possesses the ability to increase crop productivity and improve field efficiency by precisely metering and placing crop seeds. Growing high yielding crops not only requires using the right seed variety and rate but also achieving optimal performance with available planter technology. Planter performance depends on using the correct planter and technology (display and rate controller system) setup which consists of determining optimal settings for different planting... J.P. Fulton, K.S. Balkcom, B.V. Ortiz, T.P. Mcdonald, G.L. Pate, S.S. Virk, A. Poncet |
62. Study On The Automatic Monitoring Technology For Fuji Fruit Color Based On Machine VisionFruit color is one of the important indicators of quality and commodities. Three kinds of the traditional methods are used to evaluate fruit color, including artificial visual identification, fruit standard color cards and color measurement instrument. These methods are needed to be conducted in the field by persons, which are time-consuming and labored, and also difficult to obtain the dynamic color information of the target fruits in the growth process. This study developed... M. Chen, M. Li, J. Qian, W. Li, Y. Wang, Y. Zhang, X. Yang |
63. Assessing Definition Of Management Zones Trough Yield MapsYield mapping is one of the core tools of precision agriculture, showing the result of combined growing factors. In a series of yield maps collected along seasons it is possible to observe not only the spatial distribution of the productivity but also its spatial consistency among different seasons. This work proposes the study of distinct methods to analyze yield stability in grain crops regarding its potential for defining management zones from a historical sequence of yield maps. Two methods... M.T. Eitelwein, J.P. Molin, M. Spekken, R.G. Trevisan |
64. Agribot: Development Of A Mobile Robotic Platform To Support Agricultural Data CollectionPrecision Agriculture and agricultural practices that take into account environment protection, leads to several research challenges. Sampling scale and the precision required by these new agricultural practices are often greater than those required by traditional agriculture, raising the costs of production. This whole process requests an expressive number of researches in developing automation instruments. Amongst them, the use of remote sensing techniques based on On-the-Go sensors... R. Tabile, A. Porto, R. Inamasu, R. Sousa |
65. Spatial Variability Of Soil Compaction In Annual Cycle Of Different Culture Of Cane Sugar Land Clay SandyThe assessment of soil compaction levels and choosing the best management system are very important in modern agriculture, aiming to prevent or at least restore their physical conditions to a satisfactory level. The renewal of sugar cane plantation happens on average every 5 or 6 years. The current way repeats a sequence compaction and decompaction events during successive cycles of sugarcane, which promotes breakdown of soil structure. During the harvesting and transportation, the... F.C. Masiero, B.B. Fernandes, S.P. Guerra, K.P. Lanças, I. Marasca |
66. Optical Sensors To Predict Nitrogen Demand By SugarcaneThe low effectiveness of nitrogen (N) from fertilizer is a substantial concern in worldwide which has been threatening the sustainability of sugarcane production. The increment of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by sugarcane genotypes associated to the best practices of fertilizer management and nutritional diagnosis methods have higher potential to reduce environment impacts of nitrogen fertilization. Due to the difficult to determine N status in soil test as well as there is not... O.T. Kolln, G.M. Sanches, J. Rossi neto, S.G. Castro, E. Mariano, R. Otto, R. Inamasu, P.S. Magalhães, O.A. Braunbeck, H.C. Franco |
67. Introducing An Integrated Framework To Optimize Cotton Variable Rate Irrigation In Humid RegionsManagement of supplemental irrigation in humid regions is critical because both over and under estimation of the irrigation water requirement can cause cotton lint yield reduction. Spatial variation of the soil physical characteristics is significant in west Tennessee hence precision irrigation strategies should be applied to achieve the optimum lint yield. Despite the significant enhancement in instrumentation and measurements, there are several challenges that need to... A. Haghverdi, B.G. Leib |
68. Detection of Nitrogen Stress on Winter Wheat by Multispectral Machine VisionHand-held sensors (SPAD meter, N-Tester, …) used for detecting the leaves nitrogen concentration (Nc) present several drawbacks. The nitrogen concentration is gained by an indirect way through the chlorophyll concentration and the leaves have to be fixed in a defined position for the measurements. These drawbacks could be overcome by an imaging device that measures the canopy reflectance. Hence, the objective of the paper is to analyse the potential of multispectral imaging for detecting... M. Destain, V. Leemans, G. Marlier, J. Goffart, B. Bodson, B. Mercatoris, F. Gritten |
69. A Precise Fruit Inspection System for Huanglongbing and Other Common Citrus Defects Using GPU and Deep Learning TechnologiesWorld climate change and extreme weather conditions can generate uncertainties in crop production by increasing plant diseases and having significant impacts on crop yield loss. To enable precision agriculture technology in Florida’s citrus industry, a machine vision system was developed to identify common citrus production problems such as Huanglongbing (HLB), rust mite and wind scar. Objectives of this article were 1) to develop a simultaneous image acquisition system using multiple cameras... D. Choi, W. Lee, J.K. Schueller, R. Ehsani, F.M. Roka, M.A. Ritenour |
70. Site Specific Costs Concerning Machine Path OrientationComputer algorithms have been created to simulate in advance the orientation/pattern of a machine operation on a field. Undesired impacts were obtained and quantified for these simulations, like: maneuvering and overlap of inputs in headlands; servicing of secondary units; and soil loss by water erosion. While the efforts could minimize the overall costs, they disregard the fact that these costs aren’t uniformly distributed over irregular fields. The cost of a non-productive machine process... M. Spekken, J.P. Molin, T.L. Romanelli, M.N. Ferraz |
71. Comparing Adapt-N to Static N Recommendation Approaches for US Maize ProductionLarge temporal and spatial variability in soil N availability leads many farmers across the US to over apply N fertilizers in maize (Zea Mays L.) production environments, often resulting in large environmental N losses. Static N recommendation tools are typically promoted in the US, but new dynamic model-based tools allow for more precise and adaptive N recommendations that account for specific production environments and conditions. This study compares two static N recommendation tools,... H. Van es, S. Sela, R. Marjerison, B. Moebiu-clune, R. Schindelbeck, D. Moebius-clune |
72. Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrients and Precision Nutrient Management for Targeted Yield Levels of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)A field study was conducted during rabi / summer 2014-15 to know the spatial variability and precision nutrient management practices on targeted yield levels of groundnut. The experimental field has been delineated into 36 grids of 9 m x 9 m using geospatial technology. Soil samples from 0-15 cm were collected and analysed. Spatial variability exists for available nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium and they varied from 99 to 197 kg N, 12.1 to 64.0 kg P2O5 and 166... H. D.c, S. Dr., N. Dr., M. Giriyappa, S. T |
73. CropSAT - a Public Satellite-based Decision Support System for Variable-rate Nitrogen Fertilization in ScandinaviaCropSAT is a free-to-use web application for satellite-based production of variable-rate application (VRA) files of e.g. nitrogen (N) and fungicides currently available in Sweden and Denmark. Even in areas frequently covered by clouds, vegetation index maps from data derived from low-cost or freely available optical satellites can be used in practice as a cost-efficient tool in time-critical applications such as optimized nitrogen use. During the very cloudy year 2015, or more useable images... M. Söderström, H. Stadig, J. Martinsson, M. Stenberg, K. Piikki |
74. The New Digital Soil Map of Sweden -Derived for Free Use in Precision AgricultureThe Digital Soil Map of Sweden (DSMS) was finalized in 2015. The present paper describes the mapping strategy, the estimated uncertainty of the primary map layers and its potential use in precision agriculture. The DSMS is a geodatabase with information on the topsoil of the arable land in Sweden. The spatial resolution is 50 m × 50 m and it covers > 90% of the arable land of the country (~2.5 million ha). Non-agriculture land and areas with organic soil are excluded. Access to a number... K. Piikki, M. Söderström |
75. Helvis - a Small-scale Agricultural Mobile Robot Prototype for Precision AgricultureThe use of agricultural robots is emerging in a complex scenario where it is necessary to produce more food to feed a crescent population, decrease production costs, fight plagues and diseases, and preserve nature. Around the world, there are many research institutes and companies trying to apply mobile robotics techniques in agricultural fields. Mostly, large prototypes are being used and their shapes and dimensions are very similar to tractors and trucks. In the present study, a small-scale... M. Becker, A.E. Velasquez, H.B. Guerrero, V.A. Higuti, D.M. Milori, D.V. Magalhães |
76. Spatial Variability of Canopy Volume in a Commercial Citrus GroveLiDAR (light detection and ranging) sensors have shown good potential to estimate canopy volume and guide variable rate applications in different fruit crops. Oranges are a major crop in Brazil; however the spatial variability of geometrical parameters remains still unknown in large commercial groves, as well as the potential benefit of sensor guided variable rate applications. Thus, the objective of this work was to characterize the spatial variability of the canopy volume in a commercial orange... A.F. Colaço, J.P. Molin, R.G. Trevisan, J.R. Rosell-polo, A. Escolà |
77. Field Phenotyping Infrastructure in a Future World - Quantifying Information on Plant Structure and Function for Precision Agriculture and Climate ChangePhenotyping in the field is an essential step in the phenotyping chain. Phenotyping begins in the well-defined, controlled conditions in laboratories and greenhouses and extends to heterogeneous, fluctuating environments in the field. Field measurements represent a significant reference point for the relevance of the laboratory and greenhouse approaches and an important source of information on potential mechanisms and constraints for plant performance tested at controlled conditions. In this... O. Muller, M.P. Cendrero mateo, H. Albrecht, F. Pinto, M. Mueller-linow, R. Pieruschka, U. Schurr, U. Rascher, A. Schickling, B. Keller |
78. Precision Nutrient Management Through Drip Irrigation in Aerobic RiceA field experiment was conducted during kharif 2015 to asses the spatial variability and precision nutrient management through drip irrigation in aerobic rice at ZARS, GKVK, Bangalore. The experimental field has been delineated into 48 grids of 4.5 m x 4.5 m using geospatial technology. Soil samples from 0-15 cm depth were collected and analysed. There was spatial variability for available nitrogen (154 to 277 kg ha-1), phosphorous (45 to 152 kg ha-1) and potassium... N. Dr., S. T, M. Giriyappa, H. D.c, B. Patil, D. Prabhudeva, G. Kombali, S. Noorasma, M. Thimmegowda |
79. Measurement of In-field Variability for Active Seeding Depth Applications in Southeastern USProper seeding depth control is essential to optimize row-crop planter performance, and adjustment of planter settings to within field spatial variability is required to maximize crop yield potential. The objectives of this study were to characterize planting depth response to varying soil conditions within fields, and to discuss implementation of active seeding depth technologies in Southeastern US. This study was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in central Alabama for non-irrigated maize (Zea mays... A.M. Poncet, J.P. Fulton, T.P. Mcdonald, T. Knappenberger, R.W. Bridges, J. Shaw, K. Balkcom |
80. Integrated Approach to Site-specific Soil Fertility ManagementIn precision agriculture the lack of affordable methods for mapping relevant soil attributes is a fundamental problem. It restricts the development and application of advanced models and algorithms for decision making. The project “I4S - Integrated System for Site-Specific Soil Fertility Management” combines new sensing technologies with dynamic soil-crop models and decision support systems. Using sensors with different measurement principles improves the estimation of soil fertility... R. Gebbers, V. Dworak, B. Mahns, C. Weltzien, D. Büchele, I. Gornushkin, M. Mailwald, M. Ostermann, M. Rühlmann, T. Schmid, M. Maiwald, B. Sumpf, J. Rühlmann, M. Bourouah, H. Scheithauer, K. Heil, T. Heggemann, M. Leenen, S. Pätzold, G. Welp, T. Chudy, A. Mizgirev, P. Wagner, T. Beitz, M. Kumke, D. Riebe, C. Kersebaum, E. Wallor |
81. Use of Crop Canopy Reflectance Sensor in Management of Nitrogen Fertilization in Sugarcane in BrazilGiven the difficulty to determine N status in soil testing and lack of crop parameters to recommend N for sugarcane in Brazil raise the necessity of identify new methods to find crop requirement to improve the N use efficiency. Crop canopy sensor, such as those used to measure indirectly chlorophyll content as N status indicator, can be used to monitor crop nutritional demand. The objective of this experiment was to assess the nutritional status of the sugarcane fertilized with different nitrogen... S.G. Castro, G.M. Sanches, G.M. Cardoso, A.E. Silva, H.C. Franco, P.S. Magalhães |
82. On Farm Studies to Determine Seeding Rate in CornSeeding rate (SDR) is one of the most critical production practices impacting productivity and economic return for corn (Zea mays L.) By changing SDRs in different zones within a field, herein termed as site-specific management, better economic results can be produced as the outcome of reducing SDRs in low productivity areas and increasing SDRs under high-yielding environments, relative to the uniform SDR management performed by the producer. The aim of this study was to analyze yield responses... G. Balboa, S. Varela, I. Ciampitti, S. Duncan, T. Maxwell, D. Shoups, A. Sharda |
83. In-field Variability of Terrain and Soils in Southeast Kansas: Challenges for Effective ConservationA particular challenge for crop production in southeast Kansas is the shallow topsoil, underlain with a dense, unproductive clay layer. Concerns for topsoil loss have shifted production systems to reduced tillage or conservation management practices. However, historical erosion events and continued nutrient and sediment loss still limit the productive capacity of fields. To improve crop production and further adoption of conservation practices, identification of vulnerable areas of fields was... G.F. Sassenrath, T. Mueller, V.J. Alarcon, S.E. Kulesza, D. Shoup |
84. Melon Classification and Segementation Using Low Cost Remote Sensing Data DronesObject recognition represents currently one of the most developing and challenging areas of the Computer Vision. This work presents a systematic study of various relevant parameters and approaches allowing semi-automatic or automatic object detection, applied onto a study case of melons on the field to be counted. In addition it is of a cardinal interest to obtain the quantitative information about performance of the algorithm in terms of metrics the suitability whereof is determined by the final... T. Zhao, Y. Chen, J. Franzen, J. Gonzalez, Q. Yang |
85. Use of the Active Sensor Optrx to Measure Canopy Changes to Evaluate Foliar Treatments and to Identify Soil Quality in Table GrapeTable Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is the main exporting horticultural crop in Chile, with the country being one of the top exporters at the world level. Commonly, grape producers perform trials of different commercial products which are not evaluated in an objective way. On the other hand they do not have the tools to easily identify areas within the field that may have some limiting factor. The use of active ground sensors that pass under the canopy several times during the season may... R.A. Ortega, M.M. Martinez, H.P. Poblete |
86. AGTECH CHILE: an Outreach and Technology Transfer Platform for Closing Gaps in Emerging Chilean Precision Agriculture CompaniesPrecision agriculture (PA) is being developed in Chile since 1997. Today there are approximately 20 companies providing products and services in PA at different levels. Most of them are young entrepreneurships which have important knowledge gaps, particularly on technology basis and data management to transform them into useful information. In order to help closing some of the gaps, and contributing to the development of an innovation ecosystem, an extension proposal was developed, which... R.A. Ortega, P. Trebilcock |
87. Almond Canopy Detection and Segmentation Using Remote Sensing Data DronesThe development of Unmanned Aerial System (UAV) makes it possible to take high resolution images of trees easily. These images could help better manage the orchard. However, more research is necessary to extract useful information from these images. For example, irrigation schedule and yield prediction both rely on accurate measurement of canopy size. In this paper, a workflow is proposed to count trees and measure the canopy size of each individual tree. The performances of three different methods... T. Zhao, M. Cisneros, Y. Chen, Q. Yang, Y. Zhang |
88. Comparative Benefits of Drone Imagery for Nitrogen Status Determination in CornRemotely sensed vegetation data provide an effective means of measuring the spatial variability of nitrogen and therefore of managing applications by taking intrafield variations into account. Satellites, drones and sensors mounted on agricultural machinery are all technologies that can be used for this purpose. Although a drone (or unmanned aerial vehicle [UAV]) can produce very high-resolution images, the comparative advantages of this type of imagery have not been demonstrated. The goal of... N. Tremblay, K. Khun, P. Vigneault, M.Y. Bouroubi, F. Cavayas, C. Codjia |
89. A Data Fusion Method for Yield and Soil Sensor MapsUtilizing yield maps to their full potential has been one of the challenges in precision agriculture. A key objective for understanding patterns of yield variation is to derive management zones, with the expectation that several years of quality yield data will delineate consistent productivity zones. The anticipated outcome is a map that shows where soil productive potentials differ. In spite of the widespread usage of yield monitors, commercial agriculture has found it difficult... E. Lund, C. Maxton, T. Lund |
90. Rationale for and Benefits of a Community for On-Farm Data SharingMost data sets for evaluating crop production practices have too few locations and years to create reliable probabilities from predictive analytical analyses for the success of the practices. Yield monitors on combines have the potential to enable networks of farmers in collaboration with scientists and farm advisors to collect sufficient data for calculation of more reliable guidelines for crop production showing the probabilities that new or existing practices will improve the efficiency of... T. Morris, N. Tremblay, P.M. Kyveryga, D.E. Clay, S. Murrell, I. Ciampitti, L. Thompson, D. Mueller, J. Seger |
91. A Software for Managing Remotely Sensed Imagery of Orchards Plantations for Precision AgricultureAgronomic and environmental characteristics of fruit orchards/ forests can be automatically assessed from remote-sensing images by a computer programme named Clustering Assessment (CLUAS®). The aim of this paper is to describe the operational procedure of CLUAS and illustrate examples of the information provided for citrus orchards and Mediterranean forest. CLUAS® works as an additional menu (“add-on”) of ENVI®, a world-wide known image-processing programme, and operates... L. Garcia-torres, J.M. Peña-barragán, D. Gómez-candón, F. López-granados, M. Jurado-expósito |
92. Economics of Gps-enabled Navigation TechnologiesTo address the economic feasibility of global positioning system (GPS) enabled navigation technologies including automated guidance and lightbar, a linear programming model was formulated using data from Midwestern U.S. Corn Belt farms. Five scenarios were compared: (i) a baseline scenario with foam, disk or other visual marker reference, (ii) lightbar navigation with basic GPS availability (+/-3 dm accuracy), (iii) lightbar with satellite subscription correction GPS (+/-1 dm), (iv) automated... T.W. Griffin, D.M. Lambert, J. Lowenberg-deboer |
93. Evaluating Spatial Effects Induced by Alternative On- Farm Trial Experimental Designs with Cross-regressive Variables Using Monte Carlo MethodsThe goal of this research was to adapt spatial regression methods to on-farm trials in a farm management context. Different experimental designs and statistical analysis methods are tested with site-specific data under a range of spatial autocorrelation levels using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Simulations indicated that data usable for farm management decision making could be gathered from limited replication experimental designs if that data were analyzed with the appropriate spatial statistical... T.W. Griffin, R.J. G.m. florax, J. Lowenberg-deboer |
94. Regional Usefulness of Nitrogen Management Zone Delineation ToolsIn the Northern Plains of Montana, North Dakota and Minnesota, a number of site-specific tools have been used to delineate nitrogen management zones. A three-year study was conducted using yield mapping, elevation measurements, satellite imagery, aerial Ektochrome® photography, and soil EC to delineate nitrogen management zones and compare these zones to residual fall soil nitrate. At most of the sites, variable-rate N was applied and compared with uniform N application. The site-specific... D. Franzen, F. Casey, J. Staricka, D. Long, J. Lamb, A. Sims, M. Halvorson, V. Hofman |
95. Development of an Airborne Remote Sensing System for Aerial ApplicatorsAn airborne remote sensing system was developed and tested for recording aerial images of field crops, which were analyzed for variations of crop health or pest infestation. The multicomponent system consists of a multi-spectral camera system, a camera control system, and a radiometer for normalizing images. To overcome the difficulties currently associated with correlating imagery data with what is actually occurring on the ground (a process known as ground truthing); a hyperspectral reflectance... Y. Lan, Y. Huang, D.E. Martin, W.C. Hoffmann, B.K. Fritz, J.D. López |
96. Principal Component Analysis of Rice Production Environment in the Rice Terrace RegionEnvironmental conditions that affect rice production, such as air temper- ature, relative humidity, solar radiation, effective cation exchangeable capacity (ECEC) of the soil, and total nitrogen in irrigation water, were assessed for 4 paddy fields in Hoshino village, Fukuoka prefecture in Japan. Also, environ- mental factors that affected rice quality (physicochemical properties of rice grains and cooked rice) were identified using data during the beginning of a ripening period (20 days after... Y. Hirai, Y. Beppu, Y. Mori, K. Tomita, K. Hamagami, K. Mori, S. Uchida, S. Inaba |
97. 3d Object Recognition, Localization and Treatment of Rumex Obtusifolius in Its Natural EnvironmentRumex obtusifolius is one of the most highly competitive and persistent sorts of weed in agriculture. An automatic recognition and plant-treatment system is currently under development as an alternative treatment technique. An infrared-laser triangulation sensor and a high-resolution smart camera are used to generate 3D images of the weeds and their natural environment. In a segmentation process, contiguous surface patches are separated from one other. These 3D surface patches... M. Holpp, T. Anken, D. Seatovic, R. Grueninger, R. Hueppi |
98. Use of a Cropping System Model for Soil-specific Optimization of Limited WaterIn the arena of modern agriculture, system models capable of simulating the complex interactions of all the relevant processes in the soil-water-plant- atmosphere continuum are widely accepted as potential tools for decision support to optimize crop inputs of water to achieve location specific yield potential while minimizing environmental (soil and water resources) impacts. In a recent study, we calibrated, validated, and applied the CERES-Maize v4.0 model for simulating limited-water irrigation... L.R. Ahuja, S.A. Saseendran, L. Ma, D.C. Nielsen, T.J. Trout, A.A. Andales, N.C. Hansen |
99. Managing Soil Moisture on Turf Grass Using a Portable Wave ReflectometerThe agronomic needs of grass pose many challenges to managing irrigation on golf greens and lawns. Superintendents must keep putting greens as dry and firm as possible without allowing them to die. Commercial and residential landscapes are expected to look lush and green. But soil moisture has high spatial variability, including hot spots that can rapidly become critically low in available water. One common method of measuring soil moisture is to take core samples and assess moisture content by... D.L. Kieffer, T.S. O'connor |
100. Understanding Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Available Nutrients with Satellite Remote SensingSoil available nutrients are the key determinants in crop growth, field stable output and ecological balance. The soil nutrients loss and surplus can strongly influence the stability of field ecological environment and cause unnecessary pollution. Hence, optimizing the status of soil available nutrients status has significant ecological and economic significance. With the advancement of mechanized farming and control technologies, soil available nutrients can be optimize by variable rate fertilization.... J. Meng, H. Fang, Z. Cheng |
101. From Data to Decisions - Ag Technologies Provide New Opportunities and Challenges with On-Farm ResearchU.S. farmers are challenged to increase crop production while achieving greater resource use efficiency. The Nebraska On-Farm Research Network (NOFRN), enables farmers to answer critical production, profitability, and sustainability questions with their own fields and equipment. The NOFRN is sponsored by the University of Nebraska – Lincoln Extension and derives from two separate on-farm research efforts, the earliest originating in 1990. Over the course of the last 29 years,... L. Thompson, K. Glewen, N. Mueller, J. Luck |
102. Canopy Temperature Mapping with a Vineyard RobotThe wine industry is a strategic sector in many countries worldwide. High revenues in the wine market typically result in higher investments in specialized equipment, so that producers can introduce disruptive technology for increasing grape production and quality. However, many European producers are approaching retirement age, and therefore the agricultural sector needs a way for attracting young farmers who can assure the smooth transition between generations; digital technology offers an opportunity... V. Saiz-rubio, M. Diago, J. Tardaguila, S. Gutierrez, F. Rovira-más, F. Alves |
103. Developing an Integrated Approach for Estimation of Soil Available Nutrient Content Using the Modified WOFOST Model and Time-Series Multispectral UAV ObservationsSoil available nutrient (SAN) plays an important role in crop growth, yield formation, and plant-soil-atmosphere system exchange. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are recognized as three primary nutrients in crop production. Accurate and timely information on SAN conditions at key crop growth stages is important for developing beneficial management practices. While traditional field sampling can obtain reliable information for limited number of sites, it is infeasible for spatially... Z. Cheng, J. Meng, J. Shang, J. Liu, B. Qian, Q. Jing |
104. Data Fusion of Imagery from Different Satellites for Global and Daily Crop MonitoringSatellite-based Crop Monitoring is an important tool for decision making of irrigation, fertilization, crop protection, damage assessment and more. To allow crop monitoring worldwide, on a daily basis, data fusion of images taken by different satellites is required. So far, most researches on data fusion focus on retrospective analysis, while advanced crop monitoring capabilities mandate the use of data in real time mode. Therefore, our project goals were: (1) to build a data-fusion online system... O. Beeri, R. Pelta, S. Mey-tal, J. Raz |
105. Design and Analysis of ISO 11783 Task Controller's Functionality in Server - Client ECU for Agricultural VehiclesA modern agricultural vehicle's electronic control units (ECU) communicated based on the ISO 11783 standards. The connection of different machines, implements, different manufacturers into a single bus for the exchange of control commands and sensor data are a challenge for the precision agriculture. One of main functionality is the Task controller in the intelligent monitoring system. The task controller is to log data and assign set-point values for automated work (task) sequences... E. Tumenjargal, E. Batbayar, S. Munkhbayar, S. Tsogt-ochir, M. Oyumaa, K. Chung, W. Ham |
106. A Comparison of Three-Dimensional Data Acquisition Methods for Phenotyping ApplicationsCurrently Phenotyping is primarily performed using two-dimensional imaging techniques. While this yields interesting data about a plant, a lot of information is lost using regular cameras. Since a plant is three-dimensional, the use of dedicated 3D-imaging sensors provides a much more complete insight into the phenotype of the plant. Different methods for 3D-data acquisition are available, each with their inherent advantages and disadvantages. These have to be addressed depending on the particular... O. Scholz, F. Uhrmann, S. Gerth, K. Pieger, J. Claußen |
107. Barriers to Adoption of Smart Farming Technologies in GermanyThe number of smart farming technologies available on the market is growing rapidly. Recent surveys show that despite extensive research efforts and media coverage, adoption of smart farming technologies is still lower than expected in Germany. Media analysis, a multi stakeholder workshop, and the Adoption and Diffusion Outcome Prediction Tool (ADOPT) (Kuehne et al. 2017) were applied to analyze the underlying adoption barriers that explain the low to moderate adoption levels of smart farming... M. Gandorfer, S. Schleicher, K. Erdle |
108. Exploring Relationships Between Dairy Herd Improvement Metrics in Minas Gerais – Brazil Dairy HerdsThe objective of the present study was to apply principal component analysis (PCA) on Brazilian Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) data to discover the subset of most meaningful variables to describe complete lactations. The Holstein Livestock Breeders Association of Minas Gerais provided data collected between 2005 and 2016 from 122 dairy farms located in the State of Minas Gerais – Brazil. Twelve numerical variables were selected from the original dataset and four additional variables were created.... G.M. Dallago, D. Figueiredo, R. Santos, P. Andrade, D. Santos |
109. Time Series Analysis of Somatic Cell Count from Dairy Herds in Minas Gerais - BrazilThe objective of this study was to analyze the temporal variation of somatic cell count (SCC) in milk of dairy cows from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Holstein Livestock Breeders Association of Minas Gerais provided data collected from 128 dairy farms located in the state of Minas Gerais between the years of 2000 and 2016. The database contains the SCC average of a total of 91,851 305-day lactations of Holstein animals. The annual SCC average was calculated as well as the percentage of... G.M. Dallago, D. Figueiredo, R. Santos, D. Santos, L. Guimarães, C. Santos, T. Castro, A. Santos, L. Otoni, J. Andrade |
110. The Influence of Calf’s Sex on Total Milk Yield and Its Constituents of Dairy CowsThe objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of the sex of the calf on total milk yield and its constituents of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. The Holstein Livestock Breeders Association of Minas Gerais provided data collected over the years from 2000 to 2016 from 127 dairy farms located in the state of Minas Gerais – Brazil. The data set analyzed contained 61747 observations of Holstein-Friesian animals that calved female (n = 28903) or male (n = 32844) calf. Fat, protein,... G.M. Dallago, D. Figueiredo, R. Santos, D. Santos, L. Barroso, G. Alves, J. Vieira, L. Guimarães, C. Santos , L. Maciel |
111. Detecting Variability in Plant Water Potential with Multi-Spectral Satellite ImageryIrrigation Intelligence is a practice of precise irrigation, with the goal of providing crops with the right amount of water, at the right time, for optimized yield. One of the ways to achieve that, on a global scale, is to utilize Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 images, providing together frequent revisit cycles of less than a week, and an adequate resolution for detection of 1 ha plots. Yet, in order to benefit from these advantages, it is necessary to examine the information that can be extracted... O. Beeri, S. May-tal, R. Rud, Y. Raz, R. Pelta |
112. On-the-Go Nir Spectroscopy and Thermal Imaging for Assessing and Mapping Vineyard Water Status in Precision ViticultureNew proximal sensing technologies are desirable in viticulture to assess and map vineyard spatial variability. Towards this end, high-spatial resolution information can be obtained using novel, non-invasive sensors on-the-go. In order to improve yield, grape quality and water management, the vineyard water status should be determined. The goal of this work was to assess and map vineyard water status using two different proximal sensing technologies on-the-go: near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy... J. Tardaguila, M. Diago, S. Gutierrez, J. Fernandez-novales, E.A. Moreda |
113. Flourish - A Robotic Approach for Automation in Crop ManagementThe Flourish project aims to bridge the gap between current and desired capabilities of agricultural robots by developing an adaptable robotic solution for precision farming. Combining the aerial survey capabilities of a small autonomous multi-copter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with a multi-purpose agricultural Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV), the system will be able to survey a field from the air, perform targeted intervention on the ground, and provide detailed information for decision support,... A. Walter, R. Khanna, P. Lottes, C. Stachniss, R. Siegwart, J. Nieto, F. Liebisch |
114. Innovative Assessment of Cluster Compactness in Wine Grapes from Automated On-the-Go Proximal Sensing ApplicationGrape cluster compactness affects berry ripening homogeneity, fungal disease incidence, grape composition and wine quality. Therefore, assessing cluster compactness is crucial for sorting wine grapes for the wine industry. Nowadays, cluster compactness assessing methodology is based either on visual inspection performed by trained evaluators (OIV method) or on morphological features of clusters. The goal of this work was to develop an innovative and automated, non-destructive method to assess... J. Tardaguila, F. Palacios, M. Diago, E.A. Moreda |
115. Prediction of Corn Economic Optimum Nitrogen Rate in ArgentinaStatic (i.e. texture and soil depth) and dynamic (i.e. soil water, temperature) factors play a role in determining field or subfield economically optimal N rates (EONR). We used 50 nitrogen (N) trials from Argentina at contrasting landscape positions and soil types, various soil-crop measurements from 2012 to 2017, and statistical techniques to address the following objectives: a) characterize corn yield and EONR variability across a multi-landscape-year study in central west Buenos Aires,... L. Puntel, A. Pagani, S. Archontoulis |
116. Field Test of a Satellite-Based Model for Irrigation Scheduling in CottonCotton irrigation in Israel began in the mid-1950s. It is based on an irrigation protocol developed over dozens of years of cotton farming in Israel, and proved to provide among the world's best cotton yield results. In this experiment, we examined the use of an irrigation recommendation system that is based on satellite imagery and hyper-local meteorological data, "Manna treatment", compared to the common irrigation protocols in Israel, which use a crop coefficient (Kc) table and... O. Beeri, S. May-tal, J. Raz, R. Rud |
117. Autonomous Mapping of Grass-Clover Ratio Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Convolutional Neural NetworksThis paper presents a method which can provide support in determining the grass-clover ratio, in grass-clover fields, based on images from an unmanned aerial vehicle. Automated estimation of the grass-clover ratio can serve as a tool for optimizing fertilization of grass-clover fields. A higher clover content gives a higher performance of the cows, when the harvested material is used for fodder, and thereby this has a direct impact on the dairy industry. An android application... D. Larsen, S. Skovsen, K.A. Steen, K. Grooters, O. Green, R.N. Jørgensen, J. Eriksen |
118. UAV Images As a Source for Retrieval of Machine Tracks and Vegetation Gaps Along Crop RowsThe trend of acquiring equipment and obtaining high resolution remote sensed images by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have been followed by sugarcane producers in Brazil, given its low cost. The images taken from fields have been used for retrieval of information like Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) from stereoscopy of overlapping images and spatial variance of biomass. In sugarcane production, driving deviations occur during planting because of manual steering inaccuracy, sliding of machines sideways... M. Spekken, J.P. Molin |
119. Development of an Overhead Optical Yield Monitor for a Sugarcane Harvester in LouisianaA yield monitor is a device used to measure harvested crop weight per unit area for a specific location within a field. The device documents yield variability in harvested fields and ultimately can be used to create a geographical-referenced yield map. Yield maps can be used to identify low yielding areas where poor soil fertility, disease, or pests may adversely affect yield. Management practices can then be adjusted to correct these issues, resulting in an increase in yields and... R.R. Price, R.M. Johnson, R.P. Viator |
120. AgronomoBot: A Smart Answering Chatbot Applied to Agricultural Sensor NetworksMobile devices advanced adoption has fostered the creation of various messaging applications providing convenience and practicality in general communication. In this sense, new technologies arise bringing automatic, continuous and intelligent features for communication through messaging applications by using web robots, also called Chatbots. Those are computer programs that simulate a real conversation between humans to answer questions or do tasks, giving the impression that the person is talking... G.M. Mostaço, L.B. Campos, C.E. Cugnasca, I.R. Souza |
121. Evaluation of Nutrient Intake in Sheep Fed with Increasing Levels of Crambe Meal (Crambe Abyssinica Hoscht)The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of crude protein (CP) substitution of the concentrate by CP of crambe meal (CM) (0, 25, 50 and 75% dry matter basis) on consumption of nutrients. Four rumen fistulated and castrated sheep (18 months old on average and initial body weight of 50 kg) were used distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 4 treatments and 4 experimental periods (repetitions). Diets were balanced to meet requirements for minimum gains of... K.K. De azevedo, D.M. De figueiredo, M.G. De sousa, G.M. Dallago, R.R. Silveira, L.D. Da silva, R.A. Santos |
122. Levels of Inclusion of Crambe Meal (Crambe Abyssinica Hochst) in Sheep Diet on the Balance of Nitrogen and Ureic Nitrogen in the Blood SerumCrambe meal, which is a co-product of biodiesel production, is a potential substitute for conventional protein sources in ruminant diets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the substitution of crude protein of the concentrate by crude protein of crambe meal with increasing levels (0, 25, 50, and 75%) on nitrogen balance and blood plasma urea nitrogen concentration in sheep. Four male sheep, rumen fistulated, were placed in metabolic crates and distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin... K.K. De azevedo, D.M. Figueiredo, M.G. De sousa, G.M. Dallago, R.R. Silveira, L.D. Da silva, L.N. Rennó, R.A. Santos |
123. Efficiency of Microbial Synthesis and the Flow of Nitrogen Compounds in Sheep Receiving Crambe Meal (Crambe Abyssinica Hochst) Replacing the Concentrade Crude ProteinThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels (0, 25, 50, 75%) of crude protein substitution of the concentrate by crude protein of crambe meal on microbial protein synthesis and the flow of microbial nitrogen compounds in sheep. Four rumen fistulated sheep (18 months and initial average body weight of 50 kg) were distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. Diets were balanced to meet the requirements for minimum gains, containing approximately 14% crude protein and... K.K. De azevedo, D.M. Figueiredo, G.M. Dallago, J.A. Vieira, R.R. Silveira, L.D. Da silva, R.A. Santos, L.N. Rennó, G.B. Pacheco |
124. Estimating Corn Biomass from RGB Images Acquired with an Unmanned Aerial VehicleAbove-ground biomass, along with chlorophyll content and leaf area index (LAI), is a key biophysical parameter for crop monitoring. Being able to estimate biomass variations within a field is critical to the deployment of precision farming approaches such as variable nitrogen applications. With unprecedented flexibility, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) allow image acquisition at very high spatial resolution and short revisit time. Accordingly, there has been an increasing interest in... K. Khun, P. Vigneault, E. Fallon, N. Tremblay, C. Codjia, F. Cavayas |
125. Effectiveness of UAV-Based Remote Sensing Techniques in Determining Lettuce Nitrogen and Water StressesThis paper presents the results of the investigation on the effectiveness of UAV-based remote sensing data in determining lettuce nitrogen and water stresses. Multispectral images of the experimental lettuce plot at Cal Poly Pomona’s Spadra farm were collected from a UAV. Different rows of the lettuce plot were subject to different level of water and nitrogen applications. The UAV data were used in the determination of various vegetation indices. Proximal sensors used for ground-truthing... S. Bhandari, A. Raheja, M.R. Chaichi, R.L. Green, D. Do, M. Ansari, J.G. Wolf, A. Espinas, F.H. Pham, T.M. Sherman |
126. Data Clustering Tools for Understanding Spatial Heterogeneity in Crop Production by Integrating Proximal Soil Sensing and Remote Sensing DataRemote sensing (RS) and proximal soil sensing (PSS) technologies offer an advanced array of methods for obtaining soil property information and determining soil variability for precision agriculture. A large amount of data collected using these sensors may provide essential information for precision or site-specific management in a production field. In this paper, we introduced a new clustering technique was introduced and compared with existing clustering tools for determining relatively homogeneous... M. Saifuzzaman, V.I. Adamchuk, H. Huang, W. Ji, N. Rabe, A. Biswas |
127. Development of a Graphical User Interface for Spinner-Disc Spreader Calibration and Spread Uniformity AssessmentBroadcast fertilizer distribution through spinner-disc spreaders remain the most cost-effective, and least time consuming process to apply the needed soil amendments for the next crop. Spreaders currently available to producers enable them to apply a variety of granular products at varying rates, blends, and swath widths. In order to uniformly apply granular fertilizer or lime, the spreader should be calibrated by standard pan testing with any change in spreader settings, application rate, or... R. Colley iii, Y. Lin, J. Fulton, S. Shearer |
128. Rapid Acquisition of Site Specific Lime Requirement with Mid-Infrared SpectroscopyIn Germany, the lime requirement of arable topsoils is derived from the organic matter content, clay content, and pH(CaCl2). For this purpose, it is common practice to determine the lime requirement of a field size up to three hectares from only one composite soil sample, whereby site heterogeneity is regularly not taken into account. To consider site heterogeneity, a measurement technique is required which allows a rapid and high resolution data acquisition. Mid-infrared... M. Leenen, S. Pätzold, T. Heggemann, G. Welp |
129. Towards Universal Applicability of On-the-Go Gamma-Spectrometry for Soil Texture Estimation in Precision Farming by Using Machine Learning ApplicationsHigh resolution soil data are an essential prerequisite for the application of precision farming techniques. Sensor-based evaluation of soil properties may replace or at least reduce laborious, time-consuming and expensive soil sampling with subsequent measurements in the lab. Gamma spectrometry usually provides information that can be translated into topsoil texture data after calibration. This is because the natural content of the radioactive isotopes 40-K, 232-Th, and 238-U as well... S. Pätzold, T. heggemann, M. Leenen, S. Koszinski, K. Schmidt, G. Welp |
130. Optical High-Resolution Camera System with Computer Vision Software for Recognizing Insects, Fruit on Trees, Growth of CropsWith the inspiration of helping the farmer to grow his crop in the optimal way, Pessl Instruments GmbH, from Weiz, Austria, developed optical high-resolution camera system, together with a computer vision software which is able to recognize insects, fruits on trees and growth of crop. Pessl Instruments develops decision support system which is consisting from remote monitoring of insect traps and remote monitoring of fields and crops. Optical high-resolution camera system can be installed on the... J. Potrpin, G. Pessl, D. Najvirt, C. Pilz |
131. AgDataBox: Web Platform of Data Integration, Software, and Methodologies for Digital AgricultureAgriculture is challenging to produce more profitably, with the world population expected to reach some 10 billion people by 2050. Such a challenge can be achieved by adopting precision agriculture and digital agriculture (Agriculture 4.0). Digital agriculture has become a reality with the availability of cheaper and more powerful sensors, actuators and microprocessors, high-bandwidth cellular communication, cloud communication, and Big Data. Digital agriculture enables the flow of information... E.G. Souza, C. Bazzi, A. Hachisuca, R. Sobjak, A. Gavioli, N. Betzek, K. Schenatto, E. Mercante, M. Rodrigues, W. Moreira |
132. A Hyperlocal Machine Learning Approach to Estimate NDVI from SAR Images for Agricultural FieldsThe normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is a key parameter in precision agriculture used globally since the 1970s. The NDVI is sensitive to the biochemical and physiological properties of the crop and is based on the Red (~650 nm) and NIR (~850 nm) spectral bands. It is used as a proxy to monitor crop growth, correlates to the crop coefficient (Kc), leaf area index (LAI), crop cover, and more. Yet, it is susceptible to clouds and other atmospheric conditions which might alter... R. Pelta, O. Beeri, T. Shilo, R. Tarshish |
133. Application of Drone Data to Assess Damage Intensity of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease on Rice Crop in IndonesiaThe Government of Indonesia has launched agricultural insurance program since 2016. A key in agricultural insurance is damage assessment which is required to be as precise, quick, quantitative and inexpensive as possible. Current method is to inspect the damage by human eyes of specialist having experiences. This method, however, costs much and is difficult to estimate disease infected fields precisely in wide area. So, there is increasing need to develop effective, simplified and low cost method... C. Hongo, S. Isono, G. Sigit, B. Utoyo, E. Tamura |
134. Web Application for Automatic Creation of Thematic Maps and Management Zones - AgDataBox-Fast TrackAgriculture is challenging to produce more profitably, with the world population expected to reach some 10 billion people by 2050. Such a challenge can be achieved by adopting precision agriculture and digital agriculture (Agriculture 4.0). Digital agriculture (DA) has become a reality with the availability of cheaper and more powerful sensors, actuators and microprocessors, high-bandwidth cellular communication, cloud communication, and Big Data. DA enables information to flow from used agricultural... J. Aikes junior, E.G. Souza, C. Bazzi, R. Sobjak, A. Hachisuca, A. Gavioli, N. Betzek, K. Schenatto, W. Moreira, E. Mercante, M. Rodrigues |
135. Evaluation of Image Acquisition Parameters and Data Extraction Methods on Plant Height Estimation with UAS ImageryAerial imagery from unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) has been increasingly used for field phenotyping and precision agriculture. Plant height is one important crop growth parameter that has been estimated from 3D point clouds and digital surface models (DSMs) derived from UAS-based aerial imagery. However, many factors can affect the accuracy of aerial plant height estimation. This study examined the effects of image overlap, pixel resolution, and data extraction methods on estimation... C. Yang, C. Suh, W. Guo, H. Zhao, J. Zhang, R. Eyster |
136. Sun Effect on the Estimation of Wheat Ear Density by Deep LearningEar density is one of the yield components of wheat and therefore a variable of high agronomic interest. Its traditional measurement necessitates laborious human observations in the field or destructive sampling. In the recent years, deep learning based on RGB images has been identified as a low-cost, robust and high-throughput alternative to measure this variable. However, most of the studies were limited to the computer challenge of counting the ears in the images, without aiming to convert... S. Dandrifosse, E. Ennadifi, A. Carlier, B. Gosselin, B. Dumont, B. Mercatoris |
137. Investigating the Potential of Visible and Near-infrared Spectroscopy (VNIR) for Detecting Phosphorus Status of Winter Wheat Leaves Grown in Long-term TrialThe determination of plant nutrient content is crucial for evaluating crop nutrient removal, enhancing nutrient use efficiency, and optimizing yields. Nutrient conventional monitoring involves colorimetric analyses in the laboratory; however, this approach is labor-intensive, costly, and time-consuming. The visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VNIR) or hyperspectral non-imaging sensors have been an emerging technology that has been proved its potential for rapid detection of plant nutrient... Y. El-mejjaouy, B. Dumont, A. Oukarroum, B. Mercatoris , P. Vermeulen |
138. Variable Rate Fertilization in a High-yielding Vineyard of Cv. Trebbiano Romagnolo May Reduce Nitrogen Application and Vigour Variability Without Loss of Crop LoadThe site-specific management of vineyard cultural practices may reduce the spatial variability of vine vigor, contributing to achieve the desired yield and grape composition. In this framework, variable rate fertilization may effectively contribute to reduce the different availability of mineral nutrients between different areas of the vineyard, and so achieving the vine’s aforementioned performances. The present study was aimed to apply a variable rate fertilization in a high-yielding... G. Allegro, R. Martelli, G. Valentini, C. Pastore, R. Mazzoleni, F. Pezzi, I. Filippetti, A. Ali |
139. Predicting Below and Above Ground Peanut Biomass and Maturity Using Multi-target RegressionPeanut growth and maturity prediction can help farmers and breeding programs improving crop management. Remote sensing images collected by satellites and drones make possible and accurate crop monitoring. Today, empirical relations between crop biomass and spectral reflectance could be used for prediction of single variables such as aboveground crop biomass, pod weight (PW), or peanut maturity. Robust algorithms such as multioutput regression (MTR) implemented through multioutput random forest... M.F. Oliveira, F.M. Carneiro, M. Thurmond, M.D. Del val, L.P. Oliveira, B. Ortiz, A. Sanz-saez, D. Tedesco |
140. Can Topographic Indices Be Used for Irrigation Management Zone DelineationSoil water movement is affected by soil physical properties and field terrain changes. The identification of within-field areas prone to excess or deficit of soil moisture could support the implementation of variable rate irrigation and adoption of irrigation scheduling strategies. This study evaluated the use of the topographic wetness index (TWI) and topographic position index (TPI) to understand and explain within-field soil moisture variability. Volumetric water content (VWC) collected in... B.V. Ortiz, B.P. Lena, F. morlin , G. Morata, M. Duarte de val, R. Prasad, A. Gamble |
141. Coupling Machine Learning Algorithms and GIS for Crop Yield Predictions Based on Remote Sensing Imagery and Topographic IndicesIn-season yield prediction can support crop management decisions helping farmers achieve their yield goals. The use of remote sensing to predict yield it is an alternative for non-destructive yield assessment but coupling auxiliary data such as topography features could help increase the accuracy of yield estimation. Predictive algorithms that can effectively identify, process and predict yield at field scale base on remote sensing and topography still needed. Machine learning could be an alternative... M.F. Oliveira, G.T. Morata, B. Ortiz, R.P. Silva, A. Jimenez |
142. How Digital is Agriculture in South America? Adoption and LimitationsA rapidly growing population in a context of land and water scarcity, and climate change has driven an increase in healthy, nutritious, and affordable food demand while maintaining the current cropping area. Digital agriculture (DA) can contribute solutions to meet the demands in an efficient and sustainable way. South America (SA) is one of the main grain and protein producers in the world but the status of DA in the region is unknown. This article presents the results from a systematic review... G. Balboa, L. Puntel, R. Melchiori, R. Ortega, G. Tiscornia, E. Bolfe, A. Roel, F. Scaramuzza, S. Best, A. Berger, D. Hansel, D. Palacios |
143. Evaluating APSIM Model for Site-Specific N Management in NebraskaMany approaches have been developed to estimate the optimal N application rates and increase nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In particular, in-season and variable-rate fertilizer applications have the potential to apply N during the time of rapid plant N uptake and at the rate needed, thereby reducing the potential for nitrogen fertilizer losses. However, there remains great challenges in determining the optimal N rate to apply in site-specific locations within a field in a given year. Additionally,... L. Thompson, L. Puntel, S. Archontoulis |
144. Impacts of Interpolating Methods on Soil Agri-environmental Phosphorus Maps Under Corn ProductionPhosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for crops production including corn. However, the excessive P application, tends to P accumulation at the soil surface under crops systems. This may contribute to increase water and groundwater pollution by surface runoff. To prevent this, an agri-environmental P index, (P/Al)M3, was developed in Eastern Canada and USA. This index aims to estimate soil P saturation for accurate P fertilizer recommendations, while integrating agronomical aspects... J. Nze memiaghe, A.N. Cambouris, N. Ziadi, M. Duchemin, A. Karam |
145. Stem Characteristics and Local Environmental Variables for Assessment of Alfalfa Winter SurvivalAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is considered the queen of forage due to its high yield, nutritional qualities, and capacity to sequester carbon. However, there are issues with its relatively low persistency and winter survival as compared to grass. Winter survival in alfalfa is affected by diverse factors, including the environment (e.g., snow cover, hardiness period, etc.) and management (e.g., cutting timing, manure application, etc.). Alfalfa's poor winter survival reduces the number of living... M. Saifuzzaman, V. Adamchuk, M. Leduc |
146. Evaluation of Nitrogen Recommendation Tools for Winter Wheat in NebraskaAttaining both high yield and high nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) simultaneously remains a current research challenge in crop production. Digital ag technologies for site-specific N management have been demonstrated to improve NUE. This is due to the ability of digital technologies to account for the spatial and temporal distribution of crop N demand and available soil N in the field which varies greatly according to... J. Cesario pereira pinto, L. Thompson, N. Mueller, T. Mieno, G. Balboa, L. Puntel |
147. Evaluation of Crop Model Based Tools for Corn Site-specific N Management in NebraskaThere is a critical need to reduce the nitrogen (N) footprint from corn-based cropping systems while maintaining or increasing yields and profits. Digital agriculture technologies for site-specific N management have been demonstrated to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, adoption of these technologies remains low. Factors such as cost, complexity, unknown impact and large data inputs are associated with low adoption. Grower’s hands-on experience coupled with targeted research... L. Puntel, L. Thompson , T. Mieno, S. Norquest |
148. Changes in Soil Quality when Building Ridges for Fruit PlantationMany fruit plantations are usually performed in ridges for various reasons including, escaping from a clay horizon, improving overall soil quality and drainage, among others. Normally ridges are built using the surface horizons, producing a mixture of soils layers, and therefore changing the quality of the soil at the rooting zone. We were interested in studying the changes in soil properties when building ridges in a flat alluvial soil that was planted with avocado. A detailed... H.P. Poblete, R.A. Ortega |
149. Yield Estimation for Avocado Using Systematic Sampling TechniquesAvocado is a high value crop ranking fourth among the planted fruit species in Chile with more than 32,000 ha. Yield estimation is an important challenge in avocado due to its phenology, the size of the tree, and to the large variability usually observed within the orchards. Due to the practical difficulties to sample the trees we use the following approach: 1) establish a systematic, non-aligned grid with > 20 sampling points (trees)/field, 2) previous to harvest, and once... H.P. Poblete, R.A. Ortega |
150. Analysis of the Mapping Results Using SoilOptix TM Technology in Chile After Two SeasonsSoil mapping is a key element to successfully implement Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) in high value crops. SoilOptixTM is a mapping service based on the use of gamma radiation technology that arrived in Chile in 2019. Since then, around 2000 ha have been mapped, mainly in fruit orchards and vineyards. The technology has demonstrated its value in determining the most limiting factors in new and old orchards, and the possibility of correcting them in a site-specific... R.A. Ortega, A.F. Ortega, M.C. Orellana |
151. Measuring Soil Carbon with Intensive Soil Sampling and Proximal Profile SensingSoils have a large carbon storage capacity and sequestering additional carbon in agricultural fields can reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere, helping to mitigate climate change. Efforts are underway to incentivize agricultural producers to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in their fields using various conservation practices. These practices and the increased SOC provide important additional benefits including improved soil health, water quality and – in some cases –... E. Lund, T. Lund, C. Maxton |
152. Multi-sensor Imagery Fusion for Pixel-by-pixel Water Stress MappingEvaluating water stress in agricultural fields is fundamental in irrigation decision-making, especially mapping the in-field water stress variability as it allows real-time detection of system failures or avoiding yield loss in cases of unplanned water stress. Water stress mapping by remote sensing imagery is commonly associated with the thermal or the short-wave-infra-red (SWIR) bands. However, integration of multi-sensors imagery such as radar imagery or sensors with only visible and near-infra-red... O. Beeri, R. Pelta, Z. Sade, T. Shilo |
153. Multispectral Assessment of Chickpea in the Northern Great PlainsChickpea is an increasingly important crop in the Montana agricultural system. From 2017 to 2021 the U.S. has planted an average of about 492,000 acres per year with Montana chickpea production accounting for around 44% of the U.S. total (USDA/NASS QuickStats accessed on 2/11/2021). This has led to an increase in breeding efforts for elite varieties adapted to the unique conditions in the Northern Great Plains. Breeding of chickpea often relies on traditional phenotyping techniques that are laborious,... J.M. Vetch |
154. Realising the Potential of Agricultural Robotics and AI: The Ethical ChallengesRecent advances in AI and robotics may dramatically transform agriculture by greatly expanding the number of contexts in which the techniques of precision agriculture may be applied. Inevitably, this next agricultural revolution will generate profound ethical issues: opportunities as well as risks. Clever applications of AI and robotics may allow agriculture to be more sustainable by facilitating more precise applications of water, fertilisers, and herbicides. Robots may take some of the drudgery... R. Sparrow |