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Performance Evaluation Of Single And Multi-GNSS Receivers In Agricultural Field Conditions
Y. Kim, M. Song, S. Chung , M. S. Kabir, Y. Huh
Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Selection of appropriate receivers and utilization methods of positioning systems are important for better positioning in different applications of precision agriculture. Objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of single and multi-GNSS receivers at stationary and moving conditions in typical Korean agricultural sites such as open field, orchard area, and mountainous area A single-GNSS receiver (Model: R100; Hemisphere GNSS, Scottsdale, AZ, USA) and a multi-GNSS receiver (Model: SIGMA-G3T; JAVAD GNSS Inc., San Jose, CA, USA) were selected for this experiment. Data were measured using GPS and DGPS modes for the single GNSS receiver, and single point positioning mode (sp); code differential mode (cd); and carrier phase differential (RTK) with fixed ambiguities (pd) modes for the multi-GNSS receiver, including and excluding the differential correction signals from the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS). Along with number of satellites being tracked, accuracy of the GNSS receivers were evaluated in terms of Circular Error Probability (CEP) and Twice the Distance Root Mean Square values. During the stationary tests, 2DRMS values were found as 0.162 m, 0.196 m, and 1.720 m for the single-GNSS receiver at open field, orchard area, and in mountainous area, respectively. In case of the multi-GNSS receiver, 2DRMS values were found as 0.077 m, 0.162 m, and 0.929 m for pd with QZSS mode at open field, orchard area, and in mountainous area, respectively. For the moving tests, RMSE values were found as 0.502 m, 0.346 m, and 3.052 m for the single-GNSS receiver at open field, orchard garden and in mountainous area, respectively. In moving tests, for the multi-GNSS receiver the RMSE values were found as 0.424 m, 0.127 m, and 1.821m for pd with QZSS mode at open field, orchard garden, and in mountainous area, respectively. The multi-GNSS receiver showed better accuracy than the single-GNSS receiver in all experimented conditions. Moreover, number of satellites tracked by the multi-GNSS receiver was also greater than the single-GNSS receiver in all of the cases. This research provides the capability and accuracy of a multi-GNSS receiver and comparison with a single-GNSS, which would be helpful for selecting appropriate receivers and methods in various agricultural conditions. 
 
Keyword: Precision agriculture, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Positioning accuracy, Differential correction