A farmland-terrain simulation system suitable for rugged topography was designed to study the irregularities of farmland surface morphology led by both topographic fluctuation and terrain tilt. The system consists of terrain simulation mechanism, hydraulic system, control system, etc. The terrain simulation mechanism is connected to the rack through hydraulic cylinder to simulate farmland surface fluctuation. The hydraulic system controls the hydraulic cylinder to drive the terrain simulation mechanism through the electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve. The control system controls hydraulic system and drives the terrain simulation mechanism according to the topographic data. The physical parameters of the terrain simulation mechanism were achieved by mathematic modeling of the profiling mechanism and building the geometrical relationship between the telescopic gradient angle and the expansion or contraction of the hydraulic cylinders. Based on the force analysis of hydraulic cylinder, the parameters of the hydraulic system were determined by theoretical calculation. In the simulation at 2.0 m/s operating speed, the average elevation error was 1.61 mm and the average slope error was 0.56 °. The test results show that the rapid and accurate performance of terrain elevation and slope simulation can meet the requirement of farmland terrain simulation, to provide a test platform for sowing and sowing deep control system test.