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Liquid Flow Control Requirements for Crop Canopy Sensor-Based N Management in Corn: A Project SENSE Case Study
1J. Luck, 2J. Parrish, 2R. B. Ferguson, 3L. Thompson, 2B. Krienke, 3K. Glewen
1. Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
2. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
3. Southeast Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

While on-farm adoption of crop canopy sensors for directing in-season nitrogen (N) application has been slow, research focused on these systems has been significant for decades. Much emphasis has been placed on developing and testing algorithms based on sensor output to predict N needs, but little information has been published regarding liquid flow control requirements on equipment used in conjunction with these sensing systems. Addition of a sensor-based system to a standard spray rate controller with fixed orifice nozzles has certain limitations in terms of the range of achievable rates; however, little data has been published to confirm this. The goal of this study was to provide an analysis of liquid N rate control requirements from 13 field sites that received split-N application during the 2015 cropping season in coordination with Project SENSE in Nebraska. As-applied data from the Ag Leader Integra™ monitor coupled with the OptRx® sensor system were analyzed to estimate turndown ratios and rate changes that were required across all field sites. Results indicated that target rates across 121 acres ranged from 13 L ha-1 to 130 L ha-1 of 32% liquid UAN with a mean of 30.7 L ha-1. The minimum rate was fixed at 13 L ha-1; 95% of the data fell between this value and 46.4 L ha-1 which suggested that a turndown ratio not less than 4:1 would be necessary for a system to successfully achieve these rates. It should be noted that lowering the minimum rate would likely have resulted in lower target rates being recorded. These data support previous statements that typical fixed orifice nozzles would not likely allow for a full range of target rates to be achieved.

Keyword: Variable-rate application, precision agriculture, control system, response analysis