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Effect Of Time Of Application On Spray Coverage Using Solid Set Canopy Delivery System
1
M. Karkee,
1
Q. Zhang,
2
A. Sharda
1. Washington State University
2. Kansas State University
Permanent or solid set canopy delivery system can be used for foliar application in tree fruit orchards. The emitters are placed along the tree rows and are very close to tree canopy. During spray application droplets quickly get deposited on tree canopy and coverage of up to 90% could be achieved. However concerns still exist regarding critical time required to achieve target coverage using SSCD system. This knowledge of selecting an appropriate application time could help growers achieve target coverage while potentially reducing chemical usage, off-canopy application and harmful environmental impacts. However, there has been no study conducted to supplement this knowledge. Therefore, this study was conducted to study the effect of time of application on spray coverage for super spindle apple trees in high-density orchards planting system. SSCD system was setup in a commercial orchard. Three emitters were selected for this study. Emitters were fixed in two different designs, one with to emitters mounted side by side at two (2x2 design) and second with same configuration emitters (2x3 design) mounted at three canopy height levels located in the middle of each tree along the tree rows. Spray system was calibrated and set to spray at three operating pressures of 35, 55 and 75 psi. Three locations were selected to locate Water sensitive cards to observe and record spray coverage development over time. To record coverage over time, a high-speed camera with 75 mm focusable lens. The camera was set to capture 10 frames per second with 200 ms and record images using HiSpec Control software. Images were then analyzed using ImageJ software to calculate percent coverage and plot percent coverage over time. The results indicated that spray drop deposited in less than 2 s to provide 100% spray coverage using 2x3 design at 75 psi. Therefore, for lower spray coverage lesser application times can be used. It was also interesting to note that any spray application greater than this time would result in chemical being loss to off-canopy target. Overall, a short spray time of less than 2 s can be selected to achive desired coverage and reduce application cost.
Keyword
: High speed camera, spray, coverage, precision application
M. Karkee
Q. Zhang
A. Sharda
Precision Crop Protection
Oral
2014
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