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Maize Seeding Rate Optimization in Iowa Using Soil and Topographic Characteristics.
1M. A. Licht, 1A. Lenssen, 2R. Elmore
1. Iowa State University
2. Unviersity of Nebraska Lincoln

The ability to collect soil, topography, and productivity information at spatial scales has become more feasible and more reliable with many advancement in precision technologies. This ability, combined with precision services and the accessibility farmers have to equipment capable implementing precision practices, has led to continued interest in making site-specific crop management decisions. The objective of this research was to utilize soil and topographic parameters to optimize seeding rates to maximize grain yield. Five maize seeding rates (61,750; 74,100; 86,450; 98,800; and 111,150 seeds ha-1) were used in a randomized complete block design with four or five replications in three central Iowa fields from 2012 to 2014. Soil samples were analyzed for P, K, pH, SOM, CEC, and texture. Topographic characteristics (elevation, slope, aspect, and curvature) were determined from publically available Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data. There were no interactions between seeding rate and soil and topographic variables in four site-years. There was a seeding rate interaction with a single variable (pH, elevation, curvature) in three site-years and one site-year having an interaction with three variables (pH, CEC, SOM). A fifth site-year resulted multiple seeding rate interaction, however, optimized seeding rates were not meaningful because they were extrapolated below the lowest seeding rate. The mean optimized seeding rate at Ames in 2012 was 94,256 seeds ha-1 with a range of 2,471 seeds. At Ogden in 2012, 2013, and 2014 the mean optimized seeding rates were 83,270; 90,383; and 81,027 seeds ha-1 with a range of 22,408; 23,723; and 13,495 seeds respectively. Overall, no single soil parameter or topographic characteristic was consistently identified for maize seeding rate optimization.

Keyword: Variable rate, Corn, Topography, Soil properties, Seeding rate