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Precision Management of Cattle Feedlot Waste
R. A. Eigenberg, B. L. Woodbury, J. A. Nienaber
Environmental Management Research Unit USDA, ARS, US Meat Animal Research Center Clay Center, Nebraska

Open-lot cattle feeding operations face challenges in control of nutrient runoff, leaching, and gaseous emissions. This report investigates the use of precision management of saline soils as found on 1) feedlot surfaces and on a 2) vegetative treatment area (VTA) utilized to control feedlot runoff. An electromagnetic induction soil conductivity meter was used to collect apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) from a feedlot pen and a research VTA at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE. Soil samples were taken from each of the sites. Results from the feedlot site indicate correlations between ECa and associated volatile solids (r2 = 0.77). Volatile solids were closely associated with nutrients (r2 = 0.92 for total N and r2 = 0.80 for total P). A program, ESAP, developed by the Soil Salinity Lab at Riverside, CA was used to analyze the VTA and to develop a model associating ECa to Cl-. The VTA was analyzed and Cl- (an indicator ion for feedlot runoff) was found to be associated with ECa (r2=0.86). The ESAP program provided estimates of the primary variable distribution across the VTA based on soil sample data combined with high density soil conductivity (ECa) data. Maps of nutrient distribution were produced as well as a table that lists nutrient loading with percent contributing area. Identifying areas of excessive nutrient buildup on feedlots and runoff control areas allows site-specific management, improvement of system performance, and sustainability while reducing nutrient losses to the environment. 

Keyword: Electromagnetic induction, Exchangeable Sodium Analysis Program (ESAP), feedlot, multiple linear regression, vegetative treatment area (VTA)