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Improving the Precision of Maize Nitrogen Management Using Crop Growth Model in Northeast China
1X. Wang, 2Y. Miao, 3W. D. Batchelor, 1R. Dong, 2D. J. Mulla
1. International Center for Agro-Informatics and Sustainable Development (ICASD), College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China
2. Precision Agriculture Center, Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul., MN, 55108, USA
3. Biosystems Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Al, 36849, USA

The objective of this project was to evaluate the ability of the CERES-Maize crop growth model to simulate grain yield response to plant density and N rate for two soil types in Northeast China, with the long-term goal of using the model to identify the optimum plant density and N fertilizer rate forspecific site-years. Nitrogen experiments with six N rates, three plant densities and two soil types were conducted from 2015 to 2017 in Lishu county, Jilin Province in Northeast China. The CERES-Maize model was calibrated for 2015 and 2016, and evaluated for 2017 experiments. Results indicated that the model provided good estimations of yield across plant densities and N rates for the calibration years (R2=0.83 for black soil and R2=0.89 for sandy soil) and evaluation year (R2=0.91 for black soil and R2=0.95 for sandy soil), respectively. The calibrated model was then run using weather data from 1965 to 2017 for 15 different N rates, and 7 different plant densities to determine the optimum N rate and plant density for two soil types in different weather conditions. Model analysis indicated thatthe optimum plant density for black soil was 5.1-6.6, 7.3-9.2, and 8.3-8.4×104ha-1for dry, normal and wet years,respectively. For sandy soil, the optimum plant density was 3.0-3.9, 4.5-7.3, and 5.2-6.7 ×104ha-1for dry, normal and wet years respectively. For the optimum N rate, the value was 183-209, 231-239, and 220-228kg ha-1for dry, normal and wet years, respectively, for black soil. The optimum N rate was 171-186, 216-224, and 229-285kg ha-1for sandy soil for dry, normal and wet years, respectively. We concluded that the CERES-Maize model was able to simulate maize growth and yield, and could be used as atool to assist precision plant density and N management for different soil types and weather conditions in Northeast China

Keyword: Precision crop management, Optimum plant density, Optimum N rate, Soil-specific management, Weather-specific management
X. Wang    Y. Miao    W. D. Batchelor    R. Dong    D. J. Mulla    Decision Support Systems    Oral    2018