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Development of an Airborne Remote Sensing System for Aerial Applicators
1Y. Lan, 2Y. Huang, 1D. E. Martin, 1W. C. Hoffmann, 1B. K. Fritz, 1J. D. López
1. Aerial Application Technology, Areawide Pest Management Research Unit USDA-ARS, College Station, TX
2. Application and Production Technology Research Unit USDA-ARS STONEVILLE, MS, 38776

An airborne remote sensing system was developed and tested for recording aerial images of field crops, which were analyzed for variations of crop health or pest infestation. The multicomponent system consists of a multi-spectral camera system, a camera control system, and a radiometer for normalizing images. To overcome the difficulties currently associated with correlating imagery data with what is actually occurring on the ground (a process known as ground truthing); a hyperspectral reflectance instrument was integrated into the image processing system. A GreenSeeker 505 Handheld Optical Sensor was mounted on a John Deere 4710 sprayer with a 30 meter swath and used to map the field. Data from the handheld optical sensor were georeferenced and converted to NDVI. This data was imported into Farm Works software and classified based on NDVI values. The data was then smoothed using the inverse distance subroutine and prescription maps were generated for each of the remote sensing methods. Good correlation was obtained between the aerially-acquired images and the GreenSeeker data. Irradiance data measured from a radiometer were used to normalize imagery. Traditionally, several large standardized reflectance panels have been used for this purpose. A less cumbersome approach is to use radiometers to record solar irradiance which is then used to convert recorded solar irradiance and images to milliwatts per square centimeter of energy. The data were imported into software and prescription maps were produced. This system is able to provide aerial applicators remote sensing service and prescription mapping of fields. 

Keyword: Remote sensing, GPS/GIS, precision agriculture, aerial application, crop management